初二下英語重點語法
下面是小編收集整理的初二下重點語法，歡迎閱讀。
一般將來時態(tài)的應(yīng)用
do/does 的一般將來時態(tài)形式：(shall/will) do
do/does 的一般將來時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)：(shall/will) be done
一般將來時態(tài)的肯定句、否定句、疑問句形式：
肯定句例句：People will have robots in a few years.
否定句例句：People (will not/won't) have robots in a few years.
一般疑問句例句：Will people have robots in a few years?
特殊疑問句例句：What will people have in a few years?
過去將來時
一、過去將來時的結(jié)構(gòu)
should/would+動詞原形
do/does 的過去將來時態(tài)形式：(should/would) do
do/does的過去將來時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)：(should/would) be done
過去將來時態(tài)的肯定句、否定句、疑問句形式：
肯定句例句：You should write a letter to him.
否定句例句：You shouldn't write a letter to him.
一般疑問句例句：Should I write a letter to him?
特殊疑問句例句：What should I do?
過去進行時
do/does 的過去進行時態(tài)形式：(was/were) doing
do/does 的過去進行時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)：(was/were) being done
過去將來時態(tài)的肯定句、否定句和疑問句形式：
肯定句例句：I was walking down the street when a UFO landed.
否定句例句：I wasn't walking down the street when a UFO landed.
一般疑問句例句：Were you walking down the street when a UFO landed?
特殊疑問句例句：What were you doing when a UFO landed?
動詞 when 和 while 的選擇：when 后加瞬間動詞，while 后加延續(xù)性動詞。
例句：The boy was walking down the street when the UFO landed.
=While the boy was walking down the street, the UFO landed.
賓語從句
結(jié)構(gòu)：主語 + 謂語動詞 + 賓語從句(主語 + 謂語動詞 + 賓語/表語)
1、引導名詞性從句的連接詞
(1)that：沒有含義，在賓語從句中不做成分
(2)whether/if：表示是否，賓語從句中不做成分。
I don't know if /whether he still lives here after so many years. 我不知道這么多年后，他是否還住在這里。
(3)連接代詞：what, which, who, whom, whose(在賓語從句中做主、賓、表和定語)
連接副詞：where, when, how, why(在賓語從句中做狀語)
2、在做賓語從句的題目時應(yīng)注意時態(tài)
(1)當主句是現(xiàn)在時態(tài)時，賓語從句可以根據(jù)需要使用任何時態(tài)。
He tells me that his sister came back yesterday.他告訴我他姐姐昨天回來了。
(2)當主句是過去時態(tài)時，賓語從句必須是一種過去的時態(tài)。
She asked me if I knew whose pen it was.她問我是否知道這是誰的鋼筆。
(3)當表示客觀事實或普遍真理的句子做賓語從句時，任何時候都用一般現(xiàn)在時。
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.老師說過地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。
if 引導的條件狀語從句
結(jié)構(gòu)：主句 + if + 條件狀語從句
if + 條件狀語從句 + [(comma)] + 主句
注意：
在 if 引導的條件狀語從句中，主句應(yīng)用將來時態(tài)，狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。
例句：You'll have a great time if you go to the party.
=If you go to the party, you'll have a great time.
現(xiàn)在完成進行時態(tài)
do/does 的現(xiàn)在完成進行時態(tài)形式：have/has been doing
do/does 的現(xiàn)在完成進行時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)：have/has been being done
現(xiàn)在完成進行時態(tài)所應(yīng)用的場合：
�、倌呈聫倪^去發(fā)生一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在都在做
�、谶^去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成影響
I have been making progress since he talked with me that time.自從那次他與我談過心后，我天天都在進步。
現(xiàn)在完成進行時態(tài)的肯定句、否定句和疑問句形式：
肯定句例句：I have been skating for five hours.
否定句例句：I haven't been skating for five hours.
一般疑問句例句：Have you been skating for five hours?
特殊疑問句例句：How long have you been skating?
現(xiàn)在完成時
一、現(xiàn)在完成時的結(jié)構(gòu)
主語 + have/has + 過去分詞 + 其他.(當主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時用has,其余人稱用have.)
否定式:主語 + haven't/hasn't + 過去分詞 + 其他.
疑問式: Have /Has + 主語 + 過去分詞 + 其他?
簡略答語: Yes, 主語 + have/has.(肯定)
No, 主語 + haven't/hasn't.(否定)
二、現(xiàn)在完成時用法、定義詳細講解
1、表示過去所發(fā)生的動作或事情對現(xiàn)在的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果，著眼點在現(xiàn)在，主要強調(diào)過去發(fā)生的事情對現(xiàn)在的影響。
He has lost his wallet.他的錢包丟了。
We’ve had too much rain this year.今年雨水太多。
2、表示一個從過去某個時間開始，延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并可能延續(xù)下去的動作。
He has worked here for over twenty years.他在這里工作已有20多年了。
3、表示說話前發(fā)生過一次或多次的動作，現(xiàn)在成為一種經(jīng)驗，一般譯為漢語“過”，常帶有twice, ever, never, three times等時間狀語。
I have been to Beijing twice.我去過北京兩次。
反意疑問句
反意疑問句由肯定陳述句加否定問句構(gòu)成，或者由否定陳述句加肯定問句構(gòu)成。
He's a student, isn't he?
She's not his mother, is she?
回答反意疑問句時，要根據(jù)事實來回答。若事實是肯定的，則必須用 yes 回答。若事實是否定的，則必須用 no 回答。
---You're not ready, are you?你還沒有準備好，對吧?
---No, I'm not.是的，我沒有準備好。
---Yes, I am.不，我準備好了。
拓展閱讀：初二下重點句型
Unit 1 What's the matter?
1. What's the matter with you?
= What'the trouble with you?
= What's wrong with you?
你怎么了?
2. What should she do?
她該怎么辦呢?
3.Should I take my temperature?
我應(yīng)該量一下體溫嗎?
4.You should lie down and rest.
你應(yīng)該躺下休息一會兒。
5. Do you think it comes from a newspaper or a book?
你認為它是來自報紙還是書呢?
6. I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving.
我想我以同樣的姿勢一動不動地坐得太久了。
7. She said that the man had a heart problem and should go to the hospital.
她說這個人有心臟病應(yīng)該去醫(yī)院。
Unit 2 I'll help to clean up the city parks.
1. The boy could give out food at the food bank.
這個男孩可以在食品救濟站分發(fā)食物。
2. Clean-Up Day is only two weeks from now.
清潔日離現(xiàn)在僅僅兩周的時間。
3. He volunteers at an animal hospital every Saturday morning.
每周六上午，他都在一'家動物醫(yī)院當志愿者。
4. Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.
去年，她決定去參加一個課外閱讀項目的志愿者的選拔。
5.You can see in their eyes that they're going on a different journey with each new book.
從他們的眼睛里你可以看到他們正在進行每本不同的新書之旅。
6. I want to put off my plan to work in an animal hospital until next summer.
我想把我在動物醫(yī)院工作的計劃推遲到明年夏天。
7. Most people today are only worried about getting good jobs to make lots of money.
現(xiàn)在的大部分人只是為找一份能掙許多錢的好工作而著急。
8. You helped to make it possible for me to have Luck.
在你的.幫助下，我才有可能擁有“幸運兒”。
Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?
1.Could you please clean your room?
你能整理一下你的房間嗎?
2. I have to do some work.
我必須干些活。
3. Could I use your computer?
我可以用一下你的電腦嗎?
4. She won't be happy if she sees this mess.
如果她看到這樣亂七八糟的話，她會不高興的。
5. For one week, she did not do any housework and neither did I.
整整一周，她什么家務(wù)活都不干了，我也一樣。
6. My mom came over as soon as I sat down in front of the TV .
我一在電視機前坐下，我媽媽就過來了。
7. I hate to do chores.
我不喜歡做雜務(wù)。
Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?
1. I studied until mid night last night so I did n't get enough sleep.
我昨晚學習到半夜所以睡眠不足。
2. Why don't you forget about it?
你為什么不忘掉它呢?
3. Although she's wrong , it,s not a big deal.
雖然她錯了,但這并不是什么大事兒。
4. He should talk to his friend so that he can say he's sorry.
他應(yīng)該跟朋友談?wù)勔员闼苷f聲對不起。
5. Maybe you could go to his house.
也許你可以去他家。
6. I guess I could, but I don't want to surprise him.
我想我可以.但我不想讓他感到驚訝。
Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?
1. — What were you doing at eight last night?
昨晚8點你在干什么?
— I was taking a shower.
我在洗淋浴。
2. When it began to rain, Ben was helping his mom make dinner.
當開始下雨的時候，本正在幫他媽媽做晚飯。
3. — What was Jenny doing while Linda was sleeping?
琳達在睡覺的時候，珍妮正在干什么?
— While Linda was sleeping, Jenny was helping Mary with her homework.
琳達在睡覺的時候，珍妮正在幫瑪麗做作業(yè)。
Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains.
1.So what do you think about the story of Yu Gong?
你覺得愚公的故事怎么樣?
2. It doesn't seem very possible to move a mountain.
把一座山給移掉好像不太可能。
3.This is because he can make 72 changes to his shape and size, turning himself into different animals and objects.
這是因為他會根據(jù)他的形狀和大小，做出72種變化，可以將自己變成不同的動物或東西。
4.Sometimes he can make the stick so small that he can keep it in his ear.
有時候，他能夠讓他的金箍棒變得很小，以至于可以放在耳朵里。
5.Because they were so big that it took a long time to walk to the other side.
這些(山)太高了，他們要花好長時間才能翻越過去。
6.Don't eat it until you get to the forest.
你們到達森林之后才能吃。
Unit 7 What’s the highest mountain in the world?
1.It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top.
當你接近山頂時，連呼吸都會困難。
2.One of the main reasons is because people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties.
其中的一個主要的原因是人們想要在面臨困難時挑戰(zhàn)自己。
3.The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams.
這些登山者的精神向我們證明：我們永遠都不應(yīng)該放棄實現(xiàn)自己的夢想。
4. How high is Qomolangma?
珠穆朗瑪峰有多高?
5. Although Japan is older than Canada，it is much smaller.
雖然日本比加拿大有更悠久的歷史，但是日本比加拿大小多了。
6.Adult pandas spend more than 12 hours a day eating about 10 kilos of bamboo.
成年大熊貓一天要花1 2 個多小時的時間吃大約十千克竹子。
Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Island yet?
1.— Have you read little Women yet?
你讀過《小婦人》嗎?
— Yes,I have. /No,I haven't.
是的，我讀過。/ 不，我沒有。
2. — Has Tina read Treasure Island yet?
蒂娜讀過《金銀島》這本書嗎?
— Yes, she has. She thinks i t 's fantastic.
是的，她讀過。她覺得它很棒。
3. Would you like something to drink?
你要來點喝的嗎?
4. I heard you lost your key.
我聽說你丟鑰匙了。
5.She came to realize how much she actually missed all of them.
她開始意識到，事實上她是多么想念他們所有的人。
Unit 9 Have you ever been to a museum?
1. Have you ever been to a science museum?
你曾經(jīng)去過科學博物館嗎?
2.Let's go somewhere different today.
我們今天去過不同的地方吧。
3. It's unbelievable that technology has progressed in such a rapid way.
科技以如此速猛的方式發(fā)展真是令人難以置信啊!
4. Whether you like Indian food, Western food or Japanese food, you,ll find it all in Singapore!
不管你喜歡印度食品，西方食品還是日本食品，在新加坡你都能找到!
5.One great thing about Singapore is that the temperature is almost the same all year round.
新加坡一個很大的特征是它的氣溫幾乎一年到頭都是一樣的。
6. It is best to visit Singapore.
最好游覽新加坡
Unit 10 I’ve had this bike for three years.
1. Have long have you had that bike over there?
那邊的那輛自行車你買了多久了?
2. Amy has had her favorite book for three years .
艾米擁有她最喜歡的書3年了。
3. He has owned it since his fourth birthday.
自他四歲生日起，他擁有這個東西了。
4. Some people still live in their hometown. However, others may only see it once or twice a year.
有些人依然住在家鄉(xiāng)，然而，另一些人可能一年只能回家鄉(xiāng)一兩次。
5. As for me ,I did not want to give up my football shirts,but to be honest, I have not played for a while now.
至于我，我不想放棄我的足球衣，但是，說實在的，我現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有一段時間沒有踢球了。
6. Have you ever thought about having a yard sale to sell your things?
你是否曾經(jīng)想過要舉辦，一個庭院拍賣會來出售東西?
7. What would you do with the memory you raise?
你會怎樣處理你所籌集到得錢?
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