英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)之現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或?qū)е碌慕Y(jié)果，本篇是CN人才小編為大家收集整理的'英語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的相關(guān)內(nèi)容，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助，歡迎閱讀。
結(jié)構(gòu)
1) 肯定形式：S. have/has +動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞done +O.
2) 否定形式：S. have/has+ not+ 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞done +O.
3) 疑問(wèn)形式：Have/has+ S. + 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 done +O.
主要用法
1、過(guò)去發(fā)生并且已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或?qū)е碌慕Y(jié)果。這種狀態(tài)下，already、just、never、ever、yet等副詞常和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一起使用。如：
They have already come back from the museum.
She has already finished her homework.
2、過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并可能持續(xù)下去。這種狀態(tài)下，for和since作為標(biāo)志性詞語(yǔ)常和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一起使用，而且此時(shí)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞往往是持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞(如stay、keep、wait等)。如：
I have lived here for ten years.
He has kept the clavichord since thirty years ago.
3、從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間到說(shuō)話時(shí)這段時(shí)間內(nèi)反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。這種狀態(tài)下，表頻度的副詞(often、always、seldom、never等)和表次數(shù)的單詞或短語(yǔ)(如once、twice、three times)常和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一起使用。如：
You have never listened to me like this before.
She has ever been to France.
They have visited the Summer Palace many times.
標(biāo)志性詞語(yǔ)
1、副詞already、just、never、ever、yet等。如：
She hasn't arrived in Scotland yet.
They have just left for Shanghai.
2、for和since。for+一段時(shí)間，since+具體時(shí)間。如：
He has learned Italian for five months.
He has learned Italian since five months ago.
3、so far和up to/till now。表示“迄今為止”。如：
So far, no one has heard any news about her.
She has read fifty books up to now.
4、recently、lately等表示“最近;最新”的副詞和形容詞。如：
I've met her on several occasions recently.
He hasn't had enough sleep lately.
5、in the past/last+一段時(shí)間，表示“在過(guò)去的...時(shí)間里”。如：
In the past few years, new buildings have sprung up all over Beijing.
He had aged rapidly in the last few months.
6、次數(shù)。如：
I've tried many times, but there's no way.
He has been there at least twice.
句型轉(zhuǎn)換
“have/has done”中的have/has是助動(dòng)詞，在進(jìn)行句型轉(zhuǎn)換中要注意不需要再另外借助助動(dòng)詞do/did/does，而是直接借用have/has。如：
肯定句：He has lived here for the last few years.
否定句：He hasn't lived here for the last few years.
一般疑問(wèn)句：Has he lived here for the last few years?
劃線提問(wèn)：How long has he lived here? (劃線部分為for the last few years)
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