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2005年職稱英語等級考試閱讀理解模擬試題2
第4部分：閱讀理解(第31～45題，每題3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題，每題后面有4個選項。請仔細閱讀短文并根據短文回答其后面的問題，從4個選項中選擇1個最佳答案涂在答題卡相應的位置上。
第一篇
Its a Brand-new Century
The U. S. Treasury Department has redesigned the $100 bill, and has begun releasing the new currency recently. Treasury spent nearly 10 years on the redesign and has added a number of state of-the-art features: microprinting(微型印刷技術), color shifting ink, a polymer (聚合物) security thread. The most striking change, however, is the enlargement of Benjamin Franklins portrait: he now dominates the bill like a movie star in a newspaper advertisement.
The money we carry around is so familiar that whenever a new bill or coin is introduced, it creates a ripple in our ordinary lives. But not much more than a ripple, and once few people use $100 bills regularly, most Americans greet the arrival of the new note with no stronger emotion than curiosity.
Some foreigners, by contrast, have become clearly worried by the news of its arrival. Around the world, U. S. currency and the $100 bill in particular is often treated as the ultimate repository(貯藏所)of value. The Federal Reserve estimates that two-thirds of all U. S. cash circulates outside the United States. In nations where inflation is high and where there are few credible banking institutions from Latin America to Africa people save and conduct business in $100 bills. And with the U. S. issuing new $100 bills,many abroad are worrying that the ones they already have are about to become worthless.
The fear is most widespread in Russia. The Russian Central Bank estimates that somewhere between $15 billion and $20 billion of U. S. currency is in Russia,about 80% of it is the form of $100 bills. Everyone from small savers to businessmen and members of Mafia(黑手黨)relies on hundreds, so the changes in the bill are causing high anxiety. Many Russians have already changed their meager(微不足道)supply of $100 bills into smaller U. S. notes. But over the next few years the Treasury plans to redesign every note except the $1 bill.
31 Which of the following statements is true concerning the releasing of the new $100 bill?
A It has caused great disturbance among Americans.
B Most Americans show a great interest in its new design.
C All Americans feel only curious about it.
D Most Americans exhibit no stronger emotion than curiosity.
32 The fear of the new $100 bill is most widespread in those countries where
A the economic situation is unstable.
B two-thirds of all U.S. cash circulator.
C the old $100 bills will become more valuable.
D there are too many old $100 bills circulating.
33 Which of the following is true concerning U.S. currency in Russia?
A The Russian Central Bank has $15 billion to $20 billion of U. S. currency.
B 80 ~k of the $100 bills circulating outside the U. S. currency will be devalued.
C There is a widespread fear in Russia that U. S. currency will be devalued.
D About 80 ok of U.S. currency in Russia is in the form of $100 bills.
34 Why have many Russians changed their $100 bills into smaller notes?
A The U. S. Treasure Department plans to redesign all notes except the $1 bill.
B They are afraid that their $100 bills will lose their value.
C Small savers, businessmen and members of the Mafia prefer smaller notes to $100 bills.
D They have only a small supply of $100 bills.
35 The redesign of the $100 bill has added all the following state-of-art features EXCEpT
A the enlargement of Benjamin Frank portrait.
B a polymer security thread.
C the portrait of a famous movie star.
D colour-shifting ink.
第二篇 The Role of pressure Groups in Britain
General Elections in Britain are usually held only once every five years. Governments can seem to be remote from the people they represent. The process of protesting about government actions is very slow, even though everyone is permitted direct contact to their member of parliament. For all these reasons there is something of a vacuum between government and the governed, which pressure groups help to fill.
pressure groups will seek to influence those who have political power, such as members of partiament. They will want to tell them what policy their interest demands. If members of a pressure group feel that there is public support from outside their group for their demands, they will tell members of parliament about this.
pressure groups will thus seek to get support from the public. A powerful way of doing this is by making use of the mass media. There can also be public meetings, demonstrations, etc. Meanwhile, the group will have to be sure of its facts and fact-finding is thus an important part of its work. Up-to-date information can be made known to members of parliament and to the general public.
pressure groups will not only seek to make their cause known to government, but also try to inform and influence the public. A good example of this sort of activity is provided by the educational work of Shelter ,which fights for better housing for poor people.
pressure groups may support political parties, but will lay stress only on some of their policies.For instance, the Monday Club will support the more right-wing policies of the Conservative party.However, a pressure group is not a political party, because it does not seek complete or continuouspolitical power.
36 According to the passage, which of the following is true?
A In Britain, general elections are held about once every five years.
B Governments always stay close to the people.
C Everyone has direct contact to their member of parliament.
D protests about government actions do not occur.
37 All of the following are the roles of pressure groups EXCEpT
A to fill the vacuum between government and parliament.
B to seek interest from the public.
C to influence people who have political power.
D to make sure that they have collected the right facts.
38 Which of the following is a very important way in which pressure groups get support from the public?
A To tell members of parliament what to do.
B To hold public meetings.
C To make use of television, radio, magazines, and newspapers.
D To make their causes known to government.
39 The educational work of Shelteris a good example of
A the parliaments activities of making its causes known to the public.
B the poor peoples fight for better housing conditions.
C the governments influence over the pressure groups.
D the pressure groups effort to inform and influence the public.
40 The passage indicates that pressure groups
A are not important because they achieve very little.
B will sooner or latter become several independent political parties.
C play an important role in making governmental policies reflect public opinions.
D are more efficient when they are supported by political parties.
第三篇 prolonging Human Life
prolonging human life has increased the size of the human population. Many people alive today would have died of childhood diseases if they have been born 100 years ago. Because more people live longer, there are more people around at any given time. In fact, it is a decrease in death rates, not an increase in birth rates, that has led to the population explosion.
prolonging human life has also increased the dependency(依賴)load. In all societies, people who are disabled or too young or too old to work are dependent on the rest of society to provide for them. In hunting and gathering cultures, old people who could not keep up might be left behind to A die. In times of famine(饑荒), infants might be allowed to die because they could not survive if their parents starved, whereas if the parents survived they could have another child. In most contemporary societies, people feel a moral obligation to keep people alive whether they can work or not. We have a great many people today who live past the age at which they want to work or are able to work;we also have rules which require people to retire at a certain age. Unless these people are able to save money for their retirement, somebody else must support them. In the United States people live on social security checks which are so little that they must live in near poverty. older people have more illnesses than young or middle-aged people; unless they have wealth or private of government insurance, they must often go on welfare if they have a serious illness.
When older people become senile (年老的)or too weak and ill to care for themselves, they create grave problems for their families. In the past and in some traditional cultures, they would be cared for at home until they died. Today, with most members of a household working or in school, there is often no one at home who can care for a sick or weak person. To meet this need, a great many nursing homes and convalescent hospitals(康復醫(yī)院)have been built. These are often profit making organizations, although some are sponsored by religious and other nonprofit groups. While a few of these institutions are good,most of them are simple dumping grounds from the dying in which care is given by poorly paid, overworked and underskilled personnel.
41 The author believes that the population explosion has resulted from
A an increase in birth rates.
B the industrial development.
C a decrease in death rates.
D human beings cultural advances.
42 It can be inferred from the passage that in hunting and gathering cultures
A it was a moral responsibility to keep old-aged people alive.
B the survival of infants was less important than that of their parents in times of starvation.
C old people lived on social security checks.
D the survival of infants was more important than of their parents in times of starvation.
43 According to the passage, which of the following statements about the old people in the United States is TRUE?
A Many of them have a hard life.
B They can live a decent life even without enough bank savings.
C They rely mainly on their children for financial support.
D Most of them live with their children and therefore are well looked after.
44 In paragraph three,the phrase this need refers to the need
A to prolong the dying old peoples lives.
B to enrich the life of the retired people.
C to build profit-making nursing homes.
D to take care of sick or weak people.
45 Which of the following best describes the authors attitude toward most of the nursing homes and convalescent hospitals?
A Sympathetic.
B Unfriendly.
C optimistic.
D Critical.
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