考研英語模擬試題及答案：完型填空

　　在考研英語當(dāng)中對(duì)于完形填空這個(gè)題型還不熟悉嗎？下面是小編為大家整理的考研英語模擬試題及答案：完型填空，希望能幫到您！

　　習(xí)題一

　　Every human being has unique arrangement of skin on his fingers and this arrangement is unchangeable. Scientists and experts have proved the 1 of finger-prints and discovered that no 2 similar pattern is 3 from parents to children, 4 nobody knows why this is the 5 .

　　The ridge 6 on a person’ finger doesn’t change 7 growth and is not affected by 8 injuries. Burns, cuts and other damages to the 9 part of the skin will be replaced 10 by a new one which bears the reproduction of the 11 pattern. It is only when the inner skin is injured that the arrangement will be 12 Some criminals make use of this to 13 their own finger-prints 14 this is a dangerous and rare step to 15 .

　　Finger-prints can be made very easily with a printer’s ink. They can be recorded easily. With special method, 16 can be achieved successfully within a short time. 17 the simplicity and economy of this system, finger-print have often been used as a method of solving criminal cases. A 8 man may deny the charge but this may be 19 . His finger-prints can prove who he is even his 20 has been changed by age or accident.

　　1. A. uselessness B. quantity C. magnitude D. uniqueness

　　2. A. naturally B. exactly C. especially D. particularly

　　3. A. passed on B. passed away C. passed out D. passed off

　　4. A. if B. when C. though D. as

　　5. A. reasonB. cause C. ground D. case

　　6. A. construction B. structure C. location D. position

　　7. A. with B. because of C. until D. under

　　8. A. grave B. severe C. substantial D. superficial

　　9. A. outside B. outward C. inner D. outer

　　10. A. in time B. on time C. at times D. behind time

　　11. A. original B. different C. definite D. customary

　　12. A. restored B. hurt C. destroyed D. restricted

　　13. A. diminish B. dispose C. undermine D. remove

　　14. A. and B. but C. when D. if

　　15. A. make B. take C. do D. adapt

　　16. A. realization B. detection C. identification D. investigation

　　17.A. In spite of B. Irrespective of C. Because of D. In case of

　　18. A. suspected B. doubtedC. distrusted D. doubtful

　　19. A. out of case B. in vainC. at random D. in question

　　20. A. look B. expression C. appearance D. sight

　　參考答案

　　1. 【答案】D. uniqueness

　　【解析】本題測(cè)試詞義搭配。uniqueness 獨(dú)一無二，獨(dú)特性，正合題意。magnitude 大小，數(shù)量;quantity 數(shù)量;uselessness 無用性;均與題意相悖，不能入選。

　　2. 【答案】B. exactly

　　【解析】本題測(cè)試詞義搭配。 exactly (= correctly; quite) 確切地，完全地：They are exactly alike. naturally 自然地;especially 和 particularly 尤其的，特別的;邏輯上均不符合題意，故不入選。

　　3. 【答案】A. passed on

　　【解析】本題測(cè)試慣用搭配。pass on (=convey to other)把……..傳遞給另外的人：We should pass on the fine tradition of hard struggle from generation to generation. pass away 去世; pass out 失去知覺，昏倒; pass off 中止，停止。

　　4. 【答案】 C. though

　　【解析】本題測(cè)試邏輯搭配。though 盡管;與句意相符。

　　5. 【答案】D. case

　　【解析】本題測(cè)試詞義搭配。case 情況，情景：I afterwards heard that this was not the case. (我后來聽到，情況并非如此) If that is the case, I must as well try.(情況如果是這樣，我也應(yīng)該爭(zhēng)取)本句譯文：科學(xué)家和專家業(yè)已證明指紋的獨(dú)特性并發(fā)現(xiàn)由父母?jìng)鹘o子女的指紋沒有完完全全相似的，盡管沒有人知道為什么會(huì)這樣。

　　6. 【答案】B. structure

　　【解析】本題測(cè)試詞義搭配。structure (=way in which sth. is put together, organized, etc.)構(gòu)造，結(jié)構(gòu)：the structure of the human body(人體構(gòu)造)。construction 建造，建設(shè);location 定位置;位置;position 1)位置：in position (在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢?，out of position(不在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢?;2)地位，職位，工作。從上下文的意思來看，此處指一個(gè)人手指上脊的“構(gòu)造”，故選 structure.

　　7. 【答案】A. with

　　【解析】本題測(cè)試結(jié)構(gòu)搭配。with 在此處的含義是“隨著”。

　　8. 【答案】D. superficial

　　【解析】本題測(cè)試邏輯型詞義搭配。superficial 表層的，符合題題，可以入選。grave 需要認(rèn)真考慮的，嚴(yán)重的，嚴(yán)峻的;severe 嚴(yán)厲的，嚴(yán)重的;substantial 實(shí)質(zhì)的;均不符合題意。

　　9. 【答案】D. outer

　　【解析】本題測(cè)試邏輯型詞義搭配。outer 外部的，外層的，其反義詞是 inner; outside 在外面的，其反義詞是 inside; outward 外面的，在外面的：the outward appearance of things(東西的外觀)

　　10.【答案】A.in time

　　【解析】本題測(cè)試慣用搭配。in time 此處意為“后來漸漸，終于”;其他選擇均不符合題意。on time 準(zhǔn)時(shí);at times 有時(shí);behind time 晚點(diǎn)。

　　11. 【答案】A. original

　　【解析】本題測(cè)試詞義搭配。original 原來的，本來的。 bears reproduction 意為“重新長(zhǎng)出”。

　　12. 【答案】C. destroyed

　　【解析】本題測(cè)試詞義

　　搭配。destroy 意為“毀壞”。hurt 傷害，不合題意。

　　13.【答案】D. removed

　　【解析】本題測(cè)試詞義搭配。removed vt.(=cause sth. to disappear, eliminate) 消除，去除;diminish vt./vi. 減少;dispose (of) 處理，處置;undermine vt. 破壞。remove 與題意相符。

　　14. 【答案】 B. but

　　【解析】本題測(cè)試邏輯搭配。從邏輯上講，本題需要一個(gè)對(duì)比連詞，故應(yīng)選 but(但是)

　　15.【答案】B. take

　　【解析】 本題測(cè)試慣用搭配。take a step 采取措施：That would be a rash step to take. (那會(huì)是冒失的措施。) make a step 走一步。

　　16.【答案】C. identification

　　【解析】本題測(cè)試詞義搭配。identification 鑒定;realization 認(rèn)識(shí)到，實(shí)現(xiàn)，認(rèn)清;detection 覺察，發(fā)覺，偵察;investigation 偵察;

　　17.【答案】C. Because of

　　【解析】本題測(cè)試邏輯搭配。此處表示因果關(guān)系，故應(yīng)選 because of. in spite of 盡管;irrespective of 不顧的，不考慮的;irrespective of sex, age or education 無論性別，年齡，或教育程度;in case of 萬一：in case of fire 萬一發(fā)生火災(zāi)。

　　18.【答案】A. suspected

　　【解析】本題測(cè)試詞義搭配。suspect 嫌疑，猜疑。常指設(shè)想某人有欺詐，私通或犯罪的嫌疑;doubt 懷疑，意為對(duì)事情的真假，將來事情的成功與否的懷疑。distrust 不信任，懷疑;意指是否值得信任，與suspected 不同，故本題應(yīng)選 suspected.

　　19. 【答案】B. in vain

　　【解析】 本題測(cè)試慣用搭配。in vain(=without the desired result) 徒勞，白辛苦：1)He tried in vain to open the locked door.(作狀語)2)All our efforts were in vain.(作表語)in question 1)所談的：That is not the subject in question. (那不是我們所談的課題)

　　2) 有問題：I know Bill would be a good captain for the team. That is not in question. But does he want to be captain? (我知道，比爾會(huì)成為好隊(duì)長(zhǎng)。那是不成問題的。但他想不想當(dāng)隊(duì)長(zhǎng)?)out of use 不再使用：This railway station is out of use. at random 任意的，隨意的。

　　20. 【答案】C. appearance

　　【解析】本題測(cè)試詞義搭配。appearance 外表，儀表;look 臉色，神態(tài);expression 表情，臉色，與look 同義;sight 視覺，視域;情景。

　　習(xí)題二

　　Driving through snowstorm on icy roads for long distances is a most nerve-racking experience. It is a paradox that the snow，coming __1__ gently，blowing gleefully in a high wind，all the while __2__ down a treacherous carpet，freezes the windows，__3__ the view. The might of automated man is__4__ . The horses，the powerful electrical systems，the deep-tread tires，all go __5__ nothing. One minute the road feels __6__，and the next the driver is sliding over it，light as a__7__，in a panic，wondering what the heavy trailer trucks coming up__8__the rear are going to do. The trucks are like __9__ when you have to pass them，not at sixty or seventy __10__ you do when the road is dry，but at twenty-five and thirty. __11__ their engines sound unnaturally loud. Snow，slush and__12__ of ice spray from beneath the wheels，obscure the windshield，and rattle __13__your car. Beneath the wheels there is plenty of __14__ for you to slide and get mashed to a pulp. Inch __15__ inch you move up，past the rear wheels，the center wheels，the cab，the front wheels，all__16__too slowly by. Straight ahead you continue，__17__ to cut over sharply would send you into a slip，__18__in front of the vehicle. At last，there is__19__enough，and you creep back over，in front of the truck now，but__20__the sound of its engine still thundering in your ears.

　　1. [A] up [B] off [C] down [D] on

　　2. [A] lies [B] lays [C] settles [D] sends

　　3. [A] blocks [B] strikes [C] puffs [D] cancels

　　4. [A] muted [B] discovered [C] doubled [D] undervalued

　　5. [A] for [B] with [C] into [D] from

　　6. [A] comfortable [B] weak [C] risky [D] firm

　　7. [A] loaf [B] feather [C] leaf [D] fog

　　8. [A] beneath [B] from [C] under [D] beyond

　　9. [A] dwarfs [B] giants [C] patients [D] princesses

　　10. [A] what [B] since [C] as [D] that

　　11. [A] So [B] But [C] Or [D] Then

　　12. [A] flakes [B] flocks [C] chips [D] cakes

　　13. [A] onto [B] against [C] off [D] along

　　14. [A] snow [B] earth [C] room [D] ice

　　15. [A] by [B] after [C] for [D] with

　　16. [A] climbing [B] crawling [C] winding [D] sliding

　　17. [A] meanwhile [B] unless [C] whereas [D] for

　　18. [A] sheer [B] mostly [C] rarely [D] right

　　19. [A] might [B] distance [C] air [D] power

　　20. [A] with [B] like [C] inside [D] upon

　　答案

　　1.C 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.A 6.D 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.C

　　11.D 12.C 13.C 14.C 15.A 16.D 17.D 18.D 19.B 20.A

　　總體分析

　　本文描述了在冰雪覆蓋的路面上開車的經(jīng)歷。文章首句為主題句，概括了這種經(jīng)歷的特點(diǎn)是令人非常緊張。第二至四句分別介紹了下雪帶來的隱患和機(jī)器變得沒有多大用處。從第五句到文章最后則描述了在這種不利條件下和大卡車一同行駛的緊張經(jīng)歷。

　　全文翻譯

　　在暴風(fēng)雪中驅(qū)車長(zhǎng)距離地行駛于冰雪覆蓋的路面上是一種令人非常緊張的經(jīng)歷。矛盾的是雪一面輕輕地飄落，在強(qiáng)風(fēng)中愉快地吹著，一面又不斷地吹落可能帶來危險(xiǎn)的毯子，封凍窗戶，擋住視線。機(jī)器的力量被減弱了。馬、強(qiáng)有力的電子系統(tǒng)、深胎面的輪胎都毫無用處。一分鐘前路面還很結(jié)實(shí)，下一分鐘司機(jī)就在上面打滑，輕飄飄地，處于恐慌之中，想著從后面突然出現(xiàn)的笨重的掛了拖車的卡車會(huì)干出什么事情來。當(dāng)你不得不開車經(jīng)過這些卡車時(shí)，它們就像巨人一般。這時(shí)你行駛的速度不是當(dāng)路面干燥時(shí)的60或70，而是25和30.并且它們的引擎聽起來極其刺耳。雪、泥和冰渣滓從輪子下噴灑出來，使擋風(fēng)玻璃變得模糊不清，然后格格作響地從車上掉下�？ㄜ囕喿酉碌目臻g很大，足以讓你滑進(jìn)去并被碾成肉醬。你一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)的往前挪動(dòng)，經(jīng)過卡車的后輪，中間的輪子，駕駛室，前輪，所有這一切都是極其緩慢地滑過去的。你繼續(xù)筆直地往前開，因?yàn)橥蝗怀�車搶道到卡車前面�?huì)使你的車滑倒，正好倒在大卡車的前面。最后終于和卡車有了一段距離了，你才慢慢地往后挪，挪到另外一車道上，現(xiàn)在你行使在卡車的前面了，但是引擎的聲音仍然震耳欲聾。

　　習(xí)題三

　　Aging poses a serious challenge to OECD(Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development)countries，in particular，how to pay for future public pension liabilities. And early retirement places an__1__burden on pension financing. There is no easy solution，but__2__retirement could help.

　　Early retirement may seem like a worthy individual goal，but it is a socially__3__one，and makes the present public pension system difficult to sustain for long. The__4__reason is that more people are retiring early and living longer. That means more retirees depending on the__5__of those in work for their income. The__6__is worrying. In the next 50 years，low fertility rates and__7__life expectancy in OECD countries will cause this old-age dependency rate to roughly double__8__size. Public pension payments，which afford 30-80% of total retirement incomes in OECD countries，are__9__to rise，on average，by over three percentage points in GDP and by as much as eight percentage points in some countries.__10__is the pressure on pension funds that there is a danger of today‘s workers not getting the pensions they expected or felt they__11__for.

　　Action is needed，__12__simply aiming to reduce the__13__(and cost)of public pensions，or trying to__14__the role of privately funded pensions within the system，though necessary steps，may be__15__to deal with the dependency challenge. After years of__16__early retirement schemes to avoid__17__and higher unemployment，many governments are now looking__18__persuading people to stay in work until they are older. Surely，the thinking goes，if we are healthier now and jobs are physically less__19__and unemployment is down，then perhaps the__20__rate should rise anew.

　　1.[A] unsolvable [B] additional [C] unsustainable [D] undue

　　2.[A] delaying [B] retaining [C] detaining [D] hindering

　　3.[A] ultimate [B] unattainable [C] specific [D] expensive

　　4.[A] substantial [B] essential [C] potential [D] controversial

　　5.[A] donating [B] sponsoring [C] subsidizing [D] funding

　　6.[A] outlook [B] outcome [C] outbreak [D] outset

　　7.[A] prolonging [B] expanding [C] soaring [D] rising

　　8.[A] in [B] on [C] by [D] for

　　9.[A] conceived [B] reckoned [C] expected [D] meant

　　10.[A] As [B] Such [C] So [D] It

　　11.[A] should pay [B] paying [C] be paid [D] would pay

　　12.[A] but [B] for [C] and [D] thus

　　13.[A] multitude [B] implementation [C] application [D] generosity

　　14.[A] exaggerate [B] augment [C] magnify [D] multiply

　　15.[A] insufficient [B] influential [C] inefficient [D] intrinsic

　　16.[A] advancing [B] previous [C] ahead [D] preceding

　　17.[A] suspensions [B] abundances [C] redundancies [D] discrepancies

　　18.[A] for [B] to [C] about [D] at

　　19.[A] turbulent [B] strenuous [C] compact [D] intricate

　　20.[A] dependency [B] fertility [C] present [D] mortality

　　答案

　　1.C 2.A 3.D 4.B 5.D 6.A 7.D 8.A 9.C 10.B

　　11.C 12.A 13.D 14.B 15.A 16.A 17.C 18.D 19.B 20.C

　　總體分析

　　本文主要討論了老齡化給經(jīng)合組織國(guó)家現(xiàn)存養(yǎng)老體系帶來的挑戰(zhàn)。文章第一段指出老齡化給經(jīng)合組織國(guó)家?guī)�來的挑�?zhàn)，并提出推遲退休可能對(duì)解決該問題有所幫助。第二段分析了早退休給養(yǎng)老體系帶來的問題，即越來越多的人早退休而壽命延長(zhǎng)，隨著出生率的降低，就會(huì)有更多退休的人依靠更少工作的人來為他們養(yǎng)老，養(yǎng)老金在國(guó)家財(cái)政中所占的比例增加，成為無法承受的負(fù)擔(dān)。第三段探討了解決方法，指出僅僅減少公共養(yǎng)老金的數(shù)量，增加私有養(yǎng)老的比例是不夠的，許多政府在考慮說服人們晚退休。

　　全文翻譯

　　老齡化給經(jīng)合組織國(guó)家，尤其是在如何支付未來的公共養(yǎng)老金負(fù)債方面，帶來了嚴(yán)重的挑戰(zhàn)。早退休給退休金的融資帶來了難以承受的負(fù)擔(dān)。沒有什么簡(jiǎn)單的解決方案，但推遲退休(年齡)可能有所幫助。

　　早退休可能看起來是個(gè)值得追求的個(gè)人目標(biāo)，但對(duì)于社會(huì)來說卻是昂貴的，它使當(dāng)前的公共養(yǎng)老金系統(tǒng)難以持久�；�本原因是更多的人退休早而壽命卻更長(zhǎng)。這意味著更多的退休人員要依賴在職者的資助作為收入。這一前景是令人擔(dān)憂的。未來50年，經(jīng)合組織國(guó)家的低出生率和預(yù)期壽命的增加將使這一老年依賴率提高大約一倍。占經(jīng)合組織國(guó)家全部退休收入30%-80%的公共退休金的支出，在國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值中的比例預(yù)期將平均增加超過三個(gè)百分點(diǎn)，而在有些國(guó)家甚至?xí)�增加八個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。養(yǎng)老基金的壓力如此之大以至于現(xiàn)在的工人有得不到他們預(yù)期或認(rèn)為應(yīng)該得到的養(yǎng)老金的危險(xiǎn)。

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