高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法常見(jiàn)介詞搭配
以下是小編為各位考生總結(jié)的高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法常見(jiàn)介詞搭配,快來(lái)看看吧。
介詞在英語(yǔ)里出現(xiàn)非常頻繁,它的搭配眾多且意義豐富。在整個(gè)中學(xué)階段,介詞的搭配是同學(xué)們感到較為棘手的問(wèn)題之一。在多年高中英語(yǔ)教學(xué)中,筆者總結(jié)了常用介詞的各種搭配,這里把它們歸納起來(lái),供同學(xué)們復(fù)習(xí)備考參閱。
一、ABOUT
1.動(dòng)詞+about+sth.。about在此表示“論及,談起,涉及,著手”等意思:arrange about安排,argue about辯論, ask about詢問(wèn),bring about帶來(lái),chat about閑聊,care about在意,complain about報(bào)怨,go about著手,hear about聽說(shuō), inquire about打聽,know about了解, quarrel about爭(zhēng)論,read about讀到, see about負(fù)責(zé)處理,set about開始, speak about談起, talk about談?wù)? think about考慮, trouble about擔(dān)心,tell about講述,worry about著急,F(xiàn)舉例說(shuō)明其中一些短語(yǔ)的用法:
She inquired about my brother. 她向我打聽有關(guān)我兄弟的情況。
I must set about my packing. 我必須開始收拾行裝。
What are you chatting about? 你們?cè)诹氖裁茨?
2. be +形容詞+about+sth.。about在此意思是“為…,對(duì)…”,接表原因的詞:be anxious about為…著急, be bad about對(duì)…感到不舒服,be busy about忙于…, be careful about小心…, be certain about對(duì)…有把握, be concerned about關(guān)心…, be crazy about為…發(fā)狂,be excited about為…感到激動(dòng), be happy about為…而高興, be mad about為…發(fā)瘋,be nervous about對(duì)…感到緊張, be particular about挑剔…, be pleased about為…興奮,be strict about對(duì)…嚴(yán)格,be thoughtful about對(duì)…考慮周到的,be uneasy about為…感受到不安。請(qǐng)看例句:
What have you been busy about today? 今天在忙些什么?
You are certainly very thoughtful about others. 你為別人想得太周到了。
I’m strict about such things. 對(duì)這些事我是很嚴(yán)格的。
注:come about發(fā)生,get about(疾病、謠言)流行,turn about轉(zhuǎn)身,leave about到處亂放,lie about隨便堆放,put about打擾;傳播,put oneself about使…發(fā)愁。這些詞組中about作副詞,此時(shí)about不能接賓語(yǔ)。
二、AFTER
1.動(dòng)詞+ after。介詞after有“追趕,問(wèn)候,效仿”之意:ask after問(wèn)候, be after尋求, do(sth.)after學(xué)著做,go after設(shè)法得到, inquire after問(wèn)候, look after尋找, run after追求, seek after追逐, take after長(zhǎng)得像。例如:
Every afternoon he called to ask after his girl friend. 他每天下午都打電話問(wèn)候他的女朋友。
The boy takes after his father. 這男孩長(zhǎng)得像他父親。
The dogs went after the wounded deer. 一群狗在追趕那只受傷的鹿。
2.after構(gòu)成的其它短語(yǔ)。after在不同的短語(yǔ)中意思各異: after a little/moment/while過(guò)了一會(huì),after all畢竟,after dark天黑以后,after one’s heart合…的`心, after school放學(xué)后, after service售后服務(wù),after the fashion勉強(qiáng), day after day日復(fù)一日,one after another一個(gè)接一個(gè),year after year年復(fù)一年。例如:
Don’t be too strict with him. After all he is still a child. 不要太苛刻了,畢竟他還是個(gè)孩子。
He can speak and write English after a fashion. 他多少會(huì)說(shuō)和寫一點(diǎn)英語(yǔ),但不太好。
三、AT
1.動(dòng)詞+ at。at表示“指向某一目標(biāo),到達(dá)某地”:arrive at抵達(dá), call at訪問(wèn)某地, catch at(it)當(dāng)場(chǎng)抓住, come at攻擊, fire at向…開火, glance at瞟一眼, glare at怒目而視, grieve at憂傷,knock at敲, laugh at嘲笑, look at看一眼, pull at拉扯, rejoice at對(duì)…高興,smile at向某人微笑, shoot at朝…射擊, stare at怒目而視, thrust at刺向, tear at撕, tremble at顫抖,wonder at吃驚,work at工作.例如:
Don’t let me catch you again at it.不要再讓我當(dāng)場(chǎng)逮住你。
We must “shoot the arrow at the target”. 我們必須有的放矢。
They trembled at the sight of the peasant’s spears. 看到農(nóng)民的梭標(biāo),他們陣陣發(fā)抖。
2. be +形容詞/過(guò)去分詞+ at。其中at表示“情緒、情感的原因,或?qū)δ澄锞哂心撤N感情”:be angry at惱怒于, be alarmed at對(duì)…保持警覺(jué), be astonished at對(duì)…吃驚, be bad at不擅長(zhǎng), be clever at對(duì)某事很靈巧, be delighted at高興,be disgusted at厭惡, be disappointed at對(duì)…失望,be good at擅長(zhǎng), be impatient at對(duì)…不夠耐心, be mad at狂熱于, be pleased at對(duì)…感到高興, be present at出席, be satisfied at滿意, be surprised at吃驚, be shocked at對(duì)…非常震驚,be terrified at受到…的恐嚇, be quick at對(duì)…很機(jī)敏。例如:
They were overjoyed at his return to work. 他們對(duì)他重返工作感到欣喜。
They are alarmed at the growth of the liberation movement in the colonies. 他們對(duì)殖民地日益壯大的解放運(yùn)動(dòng)警覺(jué)起來(lái)。
3.at+名詞構(gòu)成的詞組:at a distance在一定距離,at a loss不知所措,at a time一次,at all一點(diǎn)也不,at any cost不惜一切代價(jià),at best最好也只是,at first起初,at hand手頭,at heart在內(nèi)心里,at home在家;無(wú)拘束,at last最后,at least至少,at most最多,at once馬上,at present目前,at sea不知所措,at times有時(shí),at will任意地,at work起作用,at worst最壞。
4.其它含有at的短語(yǔ):work hard at勤奮工作,drop in at順路拜訪。
四、FOR
1.動(dòng)詞+for
a)動(dòng)詞+for。for表原因、目的:account for解釋;說(shuō)明, answer for對(duì)…負(fù)責(zé), apply for申請(qǐng);請(qǐng)求, apologize for為…而道歉, beg for請(qǐng)求, call for要求, care for在意, enter for報(bào)名參加, fight for為…而戰(zhàn), hope for希望, inquire for查詢;求見(jiàn), leave for離開某地到另一地, look for尋找, long for盼望, mistake for誤認(rèn)為, plan for計(jì)劃做某事, prepare for為…作準(zhǔn)備, provide for為…提供, reach for伸手去拿, run for競(jìng)選, stand for象征, search for搜尋, send for派人去請(qǐng), speak for陳述意見(jiàn)、愿望, take for當(dāng)作, wish for希望, wait for等待。例如:
His illness accounts for his absence. 他因病缺席。
The baby reached for the apple but couldn’t reach it. 那嬰兒伸手去蘋果,但夠不著。
He who would search for pearls must dive below. 要想找到珍珠,必須潛到海底。
b)動(dòng)詞+sb.+ for +sth.。for表示原因或目的:ask for要求得到, blame for因…責(zé)備, excuse for寬恕, forgive for諒解, pardon for原諒, pay for花錢買, praise for稱贊, punish for對(duì)…進(jìn)行懲罰, push for催逼,reward for酬謝, thank for對(duì)…表示謝意。例如:
Please excuse me for my being late. 請(qǐng)?jiān)徫业倪t到。
Forgive me for my keeping you waiting. 請(qǐng)見(jiàn)諒,讓你久等了。
2. be +形容詞+for。for表作用、目的、對(duì)人或物有某種情緒等:be anxious for急于做, be eager for渴望, be bad for有害于, be convenient for便于, be good for利于, be famous for以…出名, be fit for適合于, be grateful for對(duì)…心存感激, be impatient for對(duì)…不耐煩, be late for遲到, be necessary for有必要, be ready for作好準(zhǔn)備, be sorry for為…而后悔, be responsible for對(duì)…負(fù)責(zé), be suitable for適合于, be unfit for不適合, be useful for對(duì)…有作用。例如:
He is eager for success. 他渴望成功。
The government is responsible for the nation’s welfare. 政府負(fù)責(zé)民眾的福利。
3.for+名詞構(gòu)成的詞組:for all盡管,for a song非常便宜地,for certain確切地,for company陪著,for ever永遠(yuǎn),for example例如,for fear以免,for fair肯定地,for free免費(fèi),for fun為了好玩,for good永遠(yuǎn),for instance比方,for luck祝福,for life終身,for long長(zhǎng)久,for nothing白白地,for once有生第一次,for oneself替自己,for pleasure為了消遣,for reason因?yàn)?hellip;理由,for sale供出售,for shame真不害臊,for short簡(jiǎn)稱,for sport好玩,for sure確切地。
4.動(dòng)詞+副詞/名詞+for構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ):be in for將遇到,make up for彌補(bǔ),go in for從事,l o ok out for提防,take sth. for granted把…當(dāng)作理所當(dāng)然, have an ear for音感好, have a gift for有某方面的天賦。
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