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英語完全及物動詞語法

時間:2022-10-25 05:45:13 考試英語 我要投稿
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英語完全及物動詞語法

  下面是小編搜集整理的英語完全及物動詞語法,快來看看吧。

英語完全及物動詞語法

  完全及物動詞

  稍早提到,完全及物動詞就是加了賓語后意思很完整的動詞,有主動及被動兩個語態(tài)。在此,我們要與大家討論主動語態(tài)。至于被動語態(tài)用法,我們則將在語態(tài)的專篇中再討論。完全及物動詞在主動語態(tài)中,用法極為簡單,句型如下:主語+完全及物動詞+賓語(Object,簡稱O.)

  例:Peter loves music.

  (彼得喜愛音樂。)

  They want to go dancing.

  (他們要去跳舞。)

  He thinks that the book is good.

  (他認為這本書很好。)

  完全及物動詞用法

  完全及物動詞的賓語有名詞、代詞、不定式、動名詞、名詞從句及名詞短語等。同學稍加注意,就可發(fā)現(xiàn)這些詞類、短語或從句均有名詞的特性,故亦同時可以做主語。

  1.名詞充當及物動詞的賓語

  例:he didn't but that car.

  (他沒有買那部車。)

  2.代詞充當及物動詞的賓語

  例:i don't like john,indeed,i hate him.

  (我不喜歡約翰,事實上,我恨他。)

  3.動名詞充當及物動詞的賓語:并非所有及物動詞均可用動名詞做賓語。常以動名詞做賓語的動詞有下列幾個:

  例:he considered studying abroad.

  (他考慮出國念書。)

  i once imagined going to the beach with them.

  (我曾想象和他們?nèi)ズ_叀?

  i just can't fancy getting along with them.

  (我無法想象和他們相處的情形。)

  he risked doing it.

  (他冒險做這事。)

  i avoided seeing him again.

  (我避免再看見他。)

  he escaped being killed in the accident.

  (他在意外中幸免于難。)

  they suggested putting off the game.

  (他們建議比賽延期。)

  he recommended traveling abroad.

  (他建議去國外旅行。)

  i enjoy dancing.

  (我喜歡跳舞。)

  i resent having to do so much work.

  (我討厭要做這么多工作。)

  i practiced playing the piano.

  (我練習彈鋼琴。)

  he stopped/quit smoking.

  (他戒煙了。)

  would you mind opening the window for me?

  (你介意為我打開窗戶嗎?)

  注意

  resist+v-ing 拒絕=refuse+to+原形動詞

  例:i refused to do it.

  (我拒絕做此事。)

  i couldn't resist crying when i heard the sad news.

  (我聽見這個令人悲傷的消息時,忍不住哭了出來。)

  注意

  expect+to+原形動詞 期望……=anticipate+v-ing

  例:i expect to travel around the world with him.

  =i anticipate travelling around the world with him.

  (我期望和他一起環(huán)游世界。)

  注意

  stop+v-ing 停止=quit+v-ing=cease+v-ing/to+原形動詞

  例:he stopped writing when he saw me.

  (當他看見我時就不寫了。)

  he decided to quit smoking.

  (他決定戒煙。)

  he ceased to talk to her/(talking to her)after he knew she was so bad.

  (當他知道她這么壞時,就不再和她說話。)

  注意

  stop+to+原形動詞 停下來而去……

  例:he stopped to talk to me when he saw me.

  =he stopped(what he was doing)to talk to me when he saw me.

  (他看見我時,停下來和我說話。)

  注意

  continue(繼續(xù)),start(開始),begin(開始),like(喜歡),love(愛),dislike(不喜歡),hate(恨),可用不定式或動名詞做賓語,意思不變。

  例:he continued trying/(to try) it.

  (他繼續(xù)試著做。)

  they started building/(to build) the house.

  (他們開始建這棟房子。)

  i like/love/hate/dislike listenint/(to listen) to music.

  (我喜歡/愛/厭惡/不喜歡聽音樂。)

  4.名詞從句充當及物動詞的賓語

  稍早我們已為同學介紹名詞從句的構(gòu)成方式、種類及其功能,再提醒一下,名詞從句有三種:

  (1)that he can't do it

  (他不能做此事)

  (2)whether he will come

  (他是否會來)

  (3)疑問詞引導(dǎo)的名詞從句

  when he will do it

  (他何時做)

  what he is doing

  (他正在做什么)

  how he'll handle it

  (他如何處理此事)

  為了方便記憶起見,我們可將名詞從句記成“戴慧怡”。戴:即that之訛音;慧:即whether第一音節(jié)之訛音;怡:即疑問詞從句“疑”之同音字,由于名詞從句具有名詞的功能,故亦可做及物動詞的賓語。

  例:i believe that he is a man of his word.

  (我相信他是個有信用的人。)

  i wonder whether he can do it.

  (我不知道他是否能夠做此事。)

  i don't know where he lives.

  (我不知道他住哪里。)

  注意

  that從句做及物動詞的賓語時,名詞從句連接詞that通常予以省略

  例:they feel(that)it is hard to do the job.

  (他們覺得做這件工作很難。)

  he thinks(that)the book is worthy of reading.

  (他認為這本書值得讀。)

  注意

  whether從句做及物動詞的賓語時,名詞從句連接詞whether亦可被if取代。

  例:i don't know whether the typhoon will come.

  =i don't know if the typhoon will come.

  (我不知道臺風是否會來。)

  i doubt whether the man is competent enough to handle it.

  =i doubt if the man is competent enough to handle it.

  (我不知道這個人是否有足夠的能力處理此事。)

  但:whether從句若做主語、介詞的賓語或be動詞的補語,則whether不可被if取代。

 、賥hether從句做主語:

  例:whether he can go is not yet known.(o)

  (他是否能去還不知道。)

  if he can go is not yet known.(x)

  但:it is not yet known whether he can go.(o)

  =it is not yet known if he can go.(o)

 、趙hether從句做介詞的賓語

  例:he is worried about whether he can join them.(o)

  (他很擔心是否能加入我們。)

  he is worried about if he can join them(x)

 、踳hether從句做be動詞的補語:

  例:the problem is whether he has enough money for the trip.

  (問題在于他是否有足夠的錢旅行。)

  the problem is if he has enough money for the trip.(x)

  5.名詞短語(構(gòu)成方式見第一節(jié)第5項)充當及物動詞的賓語

  例:i know how to handle the problem.

  (我知道如何處理這問題。)

  i don't know whom to talk to.

  (我不知道該向誰說。)

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