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2018年中考完形填空的模擬試題
完形填空(共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分)
I was walking in the street when a piece of beautiful music came to my ears. I saw some-one 36 some rubbish and walk to a truck which was collecting rubbish 37 . As soon as the people nearby hear the music, they 38 go out with their rubbish and throw it in, It' s a 39 way to help keep our city clean. Protecting our environment is very important. 40 you live, you can do something useful in or around your neighborhood.41 , we have done something to improve the environment. For example, we have collected 42 paper or bottles for recycling and we have planted 43 trees or flowers in or near our neighborhood. If 44 makes a contribution to protecting the environment, the world will become much more45 .
36. A. picking up B. pick up C. throwing D. throw
37. A. outside B. inside C, downstairs D. upstairs
38. A. sometimes B. really C. slowly D. usually
39. A. unusual B. important C. pleasant D. common
40. A. Where B. Wherever C. When D. Whenever
41. A. In that way B. Since then C. In fact D. At last
42. A. small B. waste C. old D. dirty
43. A. better B. fewer C. greener D. more
44. A. everybody B. somebody C. nobody D. anybody
45. A. useful B. enjoyable C. hopeful D. beautiful
完形填空(20分)
Some students cheat(作弊)because they’re busy or lazy and they want to get good grades without 1 the time studying. Other students might feel that they can’t 2 the test without cheating. Even when there seems to be a “good reason” for cheating, it isn’t a good idea.
A student who thinks cheating is the only way to pass a test 3 to talk with the teacher and his or her parents so they can find some better ways together. Talking about these problems and 4 them out will help feel better than cheating.
If a student gets caught cheating, the teacher may give a “zero” on the test, send him or her to the head teacher’s 5 , and call his or her parents. Worse than the 6 grade may be the feeling of having disappointed those people, like parents and teachers. A parent may worry that you are not an 7 person and a teacher might watch you more closely the next time you’re taking a test.
There are plenty of reasons why a kid shouldn’t cheat, but some students have already cheated. If that’s you, it’s 8 too late to stop cheating. Cheating can become a 9 , but a student is always able to act better and make better 10 . It might help to talk the problem over with a parent, teacher, or friend.
1. A. taking B. spending C. costing D. using
2. A. write B. exercise C. pass D. expect
3. A. decides B. hopes C. refuses D. needs
4. A. breaking B. dreaming C. missing D. working
5. A. office B. school C. seat D. conversation
6. A. natural B. dangerous C. anxious D. bad
7. A. outside B. boring C. interesting D. honest
8. A. always B. never C. once D. neither
9. A. menu B. medicine C. habit D. match
10. A. education B. decisions C. challenges D. risks
完形填空解題技巧
考試猶如打仗，方可謂“知己知彼，百戰(zhàn)不殆�！痹诹私饬顺鲱}的原則和規(guī)律后，明白題目的考查點(diǎn)，再配以好的解題方法和思路，做完型填空題就不會(huì)再是學(xué)生們過不去的檻。那么，做完型填空的解題秘笈和步驟是什么呢？
在做完型填空題時(shí)，通常先弄清語(yǔ)境，并依據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行合理的分析、判斷，才能作出恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x擇。具體可分為以下三步：
1.通覽全文，掌握大意。
做題時(shí)，應(yīng)先越過空檔，通讀全文，理順題意，找出信息詞。這是做好完形填空題的關(guān)鍵。因?yàn)橥晷吞羁盏奶攸c(diǎn)是著眼于整體理解。我們?nèi)绻讯涛谋茸鳝h(huán)環(huán)相扣的鏈條，那么由于空格的設(shè)置，“鏈條”從第二句起有些地方就脫節(jié)了。
有些同學(xué)習(xí)慣于提筆就填或邊讀邊填，急于求成，然而，欲速則不達(dá)。由于完形填空屬障礙性閱讀，所以抓住文章的首句（段）和尾句（段），對(duì)把握文章的主旨和大意很有幫助，因?yàn)槲恼碌氖拙涫怯^察全文的“窗口”，尾句是文章的總結(jié)、結(jié)論或點(diǎn)睛之筆，會(huì)帶給我們有益的啟示，因此首先看一下文章的首句和尾句，使自己心中大概有個(gè)印象，我們應(yīng)該依據(jù)首句給的啟示，通過邏輯思維，借助短文中關(guān)鍵詞所提供的信息，越過空檔，盡快把全文讀完，建立語(yǔ)言的整體感，幫助我們了解短文大意。然后再去通讀全文，不失為一個(gè)竅門。
通讀全文的方式也可因文而異，對(duì)較易把握大意的文章可采用粗讀、速讀的方式；而對(duì)理解稍有吃力的文章不妨放慢讀速、慎讀，但不管怎樣讀，注意力都應(yīng)集中在文章的主線（或中心詞）、了解文章內(nèi)容，從而確定進(jìn)行推斷、選擇的基本思路。如果一開始就忙于見一空填一空，勢(shì)必?zé)o法從整體上把握全文概要，造成顧此失彼，既影響準(zhǔn)確率，也影響做題速度。
2.先易后難，完成各項(xiàng)。
通覽全文后，對(duì)文章有了整體印象，在此基礎(chǔ)上，可以根據(jù)全文大意，展開邏輯思維，分析這一空格處在句中的地位，前后的關(guān)系和它所起的作用，確定最佳答案。遇到困難，暫放一邊，先易后難，這是解題之道。當(dāng)遇到難以判斷的空檔時(shí)，不妨先放一邊，繼續(xù)往下做。因?yàn)橛行┐鸢甘潜仨毻ㄟ^下文的理解后才能作出斷定的。
有時(shí)，前后信息之間還有相互提示作用。因此，當(dāng)我們遇到難題時(shí)，不能久久停留于此，這樣會(huì)浪費(fèi)不必要的時(shí)間。本著先易后難的原則，先根據(jù)上下文和自己的語(yǔ)感，推測(cè)部分空格的可能答案。然后，再結(jié)合選項(xiàng)逐一敲定。
綜合考慮指的是根據(jù)全文大意和詞不離句、句不離文的原則，把上下文的意思、句法結(jié)構(gòu)、詞類和語(yǔ)法、慣用法、邏輯推理常識(shí)等各種因素加在一起綜合考慮，仔細(xì)推敲。要準(zhǔn)確判斷出題目的類型，語(yǔ)法知識(shí)類較多地表現(xiàn)為動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)的選用或句子成分的辨識(shí)；詞語(yǔ)知識(shí)方面的題目要從詞性、詞形區(qū)分，同義詞語(yǔ)辨析、習(xí)慣搭配、習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)、結(jié)構(gòu)詞選擇等方面考慮；情景推理題要注重跳出句子層次，注意句間的結(jié)構(gòu)、意義上的連接和照應(yīng)關(guān)系，有時(shí)還應(yīng)在段與段之間、情節(jié)與情節(jié)之間或更大范圍內(nèi)上下文照應(yīng)，因此對(duì)短文作“全景式”的總體把握對(duì)每一空的正確解答非常重要。注意句型、語(yǔ)法、詞語(yǔ)搭配和習(xí)慣用法。
3.復(fù)讀全文，消除疏漏。
完成所有空檔后，還要再次通讀全文，看看這時(shí)的短文行文是否流暢，意義是否連貫，邏輯關(guān)系是否合理。復(fù)查時(shí)，可從語(yǔ)法入手，檢查一下句子的時(shí)態(tài)、主謂一致、代詞的性、數(shù)、格以及詞語(yǔ)的搭配等是否正確。凡遇疑點(diǎn)，必須根據(jù)文章的中心思想，從意義、語(yǔ)法的角度來仔細(xì)權(quán)衡，除此之外，復(fù)讀時(shí)對(duì)全篇文章的理解，檢查全文是否前后貫通，再次將不合題意的答案調(diào)整或修改；如果實(shí)在無法確定，可以作推理性猜測(cè)，不可放棄不填。
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