考研英語完型填空備考題

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2018考研英語完型填空備考題

　　備考題一：

2018考研英語完型填空備考題

　　The Treasury could pocket 20 million a year in extra fines once the country‘s speed camera network is expanded. Motoring organizations warned that the __1__could become a poll tax on wheels’，__2__huge number of drivers. There could be many more incidents of vandalism __3__cameras.The warnings came__4__a Daily Mail survey found almost all the 23 police forces in England and Wales were either__5__to expansion plans or considering __6__.

　　Nationwide，the number of speeding tickets is expected to treble，__7__ 90 million a year.__8__the scheme，police keep some of the cash from fines to __9__the costs of fitting and maintaining extra cameras and__10__that existing ones always have film in them. The rest will go to the Treasury. Both Ministers and police insist the scheme is aimed__11__at making roads safer. They point to trials in eight areas which cut collisions by a quarter and deaths and serious injuries by __12__a half.

　　But motoring organizations fear cameras will be sited on relatively safe__13__fast stretches to catch as many drivers as possible. Some forces are also expected to__14__the“threshold”speeds at which cameras are__15__to the absolute legal minimum-15 mph in a 10 mph limit，and 26 mph in a 20 mph zone. This could encourage drivers to stare at their speedometers instead of concentrating on the road，and __16__to more accidents. Sue Nicholson，head of campaigns at the RAC，said，“We don‘t have a problem with speed cameras __17__. But we do have concerns about__18__they are sited. Police risk losing credibility __19__motorists if cameras are seen as revenue-raising __20__safety devices.”

　　1. [A] promotions [B] punishments [C] penalties [D] payments

　　2. [A] isolating [B] separating [C] alienating [D] detaching

　　3. [A] towards [B] against [C] before [D] over

　　4. [A] so [B] once [C] as [D] where

　　5. [A] subjected [B] engaged [C] intended [D] committed

　　6. [A] taking part [B] keeping silence [C] making exception [D] paying respect

　　7. [A] financing [B] profiting [C] funding [D] netting

　　8. [A] From [B] Under [C] On [D] With

　　9. [A] hide [B] cover [C] conceal [D] veil

　　10. [A] pledging [B] assuring [C] confirming [D] ensuring

　　11. [A] essentially [B] strongly [C] wholeheartedly [D] purely

　　12. [A] in all [B] fewer than [C] at most [D] up to

　　13. [A] but [B] whereas [C] though [D] while

　　14. [A] fit [B] put [C] set [D] fix

　　15. [A] levered [B] geared [C] handled [D] triggered

　　16. [A] lead [B] add [C] contribute [D] resort

　　17. [A] any less [B] by itself [C] after all [D] as such

　　18. [A] who [B] when [C] where [D] which

　　19. [A] in [B] with [C] against [D] for

　　20. [A] in spite of [B] far from [C] rather than [D] by means of

　　備考題二：

　　1. [A] promotions [B] punishments [C] penalties [D] payments

　　2. [A] isolating [B] separating [C] alienating [D] detaching

　　3. [A] towards [B] against [C] before [D] over

　　4. [A] so [B] once [C] as [D] where

　　5. [A] subjected [B] engaged [C] intended [D] committed

　　6. [A] taking part [B] keeping silence [C] making exception [D] paying respect

　　7. [A] financing [B] profiting [C] funding [D] netting

　　8. [A] From [B] Under [C] On [D] With

　　9. [A] hide [B] cover [C] conceal [D] veil

　　10. [A] pledging [B] assuring [C] confirming [D] ensuring

　　11. [A] essentially [B] strongly [C] wholeheartedly [D] purely

　　12. [A] in all [B] fewer than [C] at most [D] up to

　　13. [A] but [B] whereas [C] though [D] while

　　14. [A] fit [B] put [C] set [D] fix

　　15. [A] levered [B] geared [C] handled [D] triggered

　　16. [A] lead [B] add [C] contribute [D] resort

　　17. [A] any less [B] by itself [C] after all [D] as such

　　18. [A] who [B] when [C] where [D] which

　　19. [A] in [B] with [C] against [D] for

　　20. [A] in spite of [B] far from [C] rather than [D] by means of

　　備考題三：

　　When television first began to expand, very few of the people who had become famous as radio commentators were equally effective on television. Some of the 1 they experienced when they were trying to 2 themselves to the new medium were technical. When working 3 radio, for example, they had become 4 to seeing on 5 of the listener. This 6 of seeing for others means that the 7 has to be very good at talking. 8 all, he has to be able to 9 a continuous sequence of visual images which 10 meaning to the sounds which the listener hears. In the 11 of television, however, the commentator sees 12 with the viewer. His role, therefore, is 13 different. He is there to make 14 that the viewer does not 15 some points of interest, to help him 16 on particular things, and to 17 the images on the television screen. 18 his radio colleague, he must know the 19 of silence and how to use it at those moments 20 the pictures speaks for themselves.

　　1. A. difficultiesB. successesC. sufferingsD. incidents

　　2. A. turnB. adaptC. alterD. modify

　　3. A. onB. atC. with D. behind

　　4. A. experiencedB. determinedC. establishedD. accustomed

　　5. A. accountB. sideC. pointD. behalf

　　6. A. efficiencyB. technologyC. artD. performance

　　7. A. commentatorB. TV viewerC. speakerD. author

　　8. A. OfB. ForC. AboveD. In

　　9. A. inspire B. createC. causeD. perceive

　　10. A. addB. applyC. affectD. reflect

　　11. A. occasionB. eventC. factD. case

　　12. A. somethingB. nothingC. everythingD. anything

　　13. A. equallyB. completelyC. initiallyD. hardly

　　14. A. definiteB. possibleC. sureD. clear

　　15. A. loseB. depriveC. relieveD. miss

　　16. A. focusB. attendC. followD. insist

　　17. A. exhibitB. demonstrateC. exposeD. interpret

　　18. A. LikeB. UnlikeC. AsD. For

　　19. A. purposeB. goalC. valueD. intention

　　20. A. ifB. when C. whichD. as

　　備考題四：

　　The success of Augustus owed much to the character of Roman theorizing about the state. The Romans did not produce ambitious blueprints1 the construction of idea__l__ states，such as__2__ to the Greeks. With very few exceptions，Roman theorists ignored，or rejected__3__ valueless，intellectual exercises like Plato‘s Republic，in__4__ the relationship of the individual to the state was__5__ out painstakingly without reference to__6__ states or individuals. The closest the Roman came to the Greek model was Cicero’s De Re Publica，and even here Cicero had Rome clearly in __7__. Roman thought about the state was concrete，even when it__8__ religious and moral concepts. The first ruler of Rome，Romulus，was__9__ to have received authority from the gods，specifically from Jupiter，the“guarantor”of Rome. All constitutional__10__was a method of conferring and administering the__11__. Very clearly it was believed that only the assembly of the__12__，the family heads who formed the original senate，__13__the religious character necessary to exercise authority，because its original function was to__14__the gods. Being practical as well as exclusive，the senators moved__15__to divide the authority，holding that their consuls，or chief officials，would possess it on__16__months，and later extending its possession to lower officials.__17__the important achievement was to create the idea of continuing__18__authority embodied only temporarily in certain upper-class individuals and conferred only__19__the mass of the people concurred. The system grew with enormous __20__，as new offices and assemblies were created and almost none discarded.

　　1.[A] with [B] for [C] in [D] to

　　2. [A] tempted [B] attracted [C] appealed [D] transferred

　　3. [A] on [B] for [C] as [D] about

　　4. [A] which [B] that [C] what [D] it

　　5. [A] turned [B] worked [C] brought [D] made

　　6. [A] special [B] specific [C] peculiar [D] particular

　　7. [A] existence [B] store [C] reality [D] mind

　　8. [A] abandoned [B] caught [C] separated [D] involved

　　9. [A] told [B] held [C] suggested [D] advised

　　10. [A] tendency [B] procedure [C] development [D] relation

　　11. [A] authority [B] power [C] control [D] ruling

　　12. [A] officers [B] men [C] administrators [D] fathers

　　13. [A] possessed [B] claimed [C] assured [D] enforced

　　14. [A] confirm [B] confer [C] consult [D] consider

　　15. [A] over [B] along [C] on [D] about

　　16. [A] alternate [B] different [C] varied [D] several

　　17. [A] And [B] So [C] Or [D] But

　　18. [A] state [B] country [C] people [D] national

　　19. [A] as [B] when [C] if [D] so

　　20. [A] dimension [B] complexity [C] exercise [D] function

　　答案

　　1. B 2. C 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. D 7.D 8.D 9. B 10. C

　　11. A 12. D 13.A 14.C 15. C 16. A 17. D 18. A 19. B 20. B

　　總體分析

　　本文介紹了羅馬人有關(guān)國家建設(shè)的理論。第一句指出羅馬人有關(guān)國家形成的理論很有特點。第二句至第五句指出，羅馬人的理論與希臘人的大不相同，是非常具體的。第六句至文章結(jié)尾具體闡述了羅馬人關(guān)于國家權(quán)力的所有和分配形式。

　　全文翻譯

　　奧古斯都(羅馬帝國第一代皇帝)的成功很大程度上歸功于羅馬人將國家理論化的特點。羅馬人沒有制定出讓希臘人感興趣的建設(shè)理想國家的宏偉藍圖。在柏拉圖的《理想國》中不涉及具體個人或國家的一種個人與國家之間的關(guān)系被詳細地設(shè)計出來，但羅馬理論家們幾乎無一例外地忽視或拒絕接受像《理想國》這樣的智力訓(xùn)練，認為它們毫無價值。羅馬人最接近希臘模式的是西塞羅的《論國家》，甚至在這本書中西塞羅的心中已經(jīng)對羅馬有了非常清楚的想法。即使涉及到宗教和道德概念，羅馬人關(guān)于國家的想法也是具體的。羅馬的第一位統(tǒng)治者羅穆盧斯被認為從神，尤其是從羅馬的守護神宙斯那里獲得了權(quán)力。所有憲法的發(fā)展都是一種賦予和監(jiān)督這種權(quán)力的方法。很顯然，人們相信只有先父們的立法機構(gòu)，即一家之主們組成的最初的參議院，才擁有行使這種權(quán)力所必需的'宗教特質(zhì)，因為它最初的功能是尋求神的啟示。既實際又排外的參議員們將權(quán)力再進一步分割，認為他們的司法官或總管官員，將每隔一個月?lián)碛羞@項權(quán)力，并在之后將其擁有權(quán)擴大到更低等級的官員。但是重要的成就是創(chuàng)造了持續(xù)的國家權(quán)力的概念，這種權(quán)力只是臨時體現(xiàn)在某些上層階級的個人身上，并且只有當普通大眾一致同意的時候才被賦予。當新的部門和立法機構(gòu)被創(chuàng)造出來并且?guī)缀鯖]有任何一個被擯棄的時候，這個系統(tǒng)變得越來越復(fù)雜。

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考研英語完型填空備考題