高考英語輔導(dǎo)續(xù)：情態(tài)動詞考查熱點透視2

二、“情態(tài)動詞+完成式”

1. “should（ought to）+完成式”表示本應(yīng)該做某事而實際上沒有做。其否定式表示某種行為不該發(fā)生但卻發(fā)生了。

①—I’ll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.

— You________ her last week. （2004年福建卷）

A． ought to tell

B． would have told

C． must tell

D． should have told

②Oh, I’m not feeling well in the stomach, I _____ so much fried chicken just now. （2002年上海春季卷）

A. shouldn’t eat

B. mustn’t have eaten

C. shouldn’t have eaten

D. mustn’t eat

Key: D C

2. “could+完成式”表示本來能夠做成某事的但結(jié)果沒能做成，含有遺憾的意味。

He paid for a seat, when he ______ have entered free. （2005年山東卷）

A. could B. would

C. must D. need

Key：A

3. “needn’t+不定式的完成式”表示本來不必做某事而實際上做了某事。例如：

You needn’t have watered the flowers, for it is going to rain.你本不需要澆花的，因為天就要下雨了。

— Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.

— Thanks. You ______ it. I could manage it myself. （2005年福建卷）

A. needn’t do

B. needn’t have done

C. mustn’t do

D. shouldn’t have done

Key: B

三、常見的情態(tài)動詞

1. shall用于一、三人稱疑問句表示征求對方意見；用于二、三人稱陳述句表示說話人給對方的命令、警告、允諾或威脅等。

①“The interest be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides，” declared the judge. （2004年重慶卷）

A. mayB. should

C. mustD. shall

②—Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report.

— You ______ have my computer if you don’t take care of it. （2004年湖南卷）

A. shan’t B. might not

C. needn’t D. shouldn’t

③ — The room is so dirty. ______ we clean it?

— Of course. （2003年北京春季卷）

A. Will B. Shall

C. Would D. Do

Key: D A B

2. must用于疑問句，表示責備、抱怨的感情色彩，意思為“偏偏，偏要”；mustn’t表示禁止，是說話人強有力的勸告。

①John, look at the time. _______ you play the piano at such a late hour？ （2005年全國卷Ⅲ）

A. Must B. Can

C. May D. Need

②Tom, you leave all your clothes on the floor like this！ （2005年全國卷Ⅰ）

A. wouldn’t B. mustn’t

C. needn’t D. may not

Key: A B

3. needn’t表示“沒有必要”。

— Lucy doesn’t mind lending you her dictionary.

— She ______. I’ve already borrowed one. （2005年湖南卷）

A. can’t B. mustn’t

C. needn’t D. shouldn’t

Key: C

4. would表示過去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作或某種傾向。

When he was there, he ___ go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day.（1996年上海卷）

A. would B. should

C. had better D. might

Key: A

5. 表示經(jīng)過努力而成功的某一次動作，只能用was/were able to，而不能用could。

The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _____ get out. （1997年全國卷）

A. had to B. would

C. was able to D. could

Key：C

6. 考查情態(tài)動詞用作答語的情況

①—Write to me when you get home.

— _______. （2001年北京春季卷）

A. I must B. I should

C. I will D. I can

② — Could I call you by your first name？

—Yes, you ______. （1998年上海卷）

A. will B. could

C. may D. might

Key：C C

鞏固練習：

1. Michael ______ be a policeman, for he is much too short.

A. needn’t B. can’t

C. should D. may

2. I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I ____ for her.

A. had to write it out

B. must have written it out

C. should have written it out

D. ought to write it out

3. Jack _____ yet, otherwise he would have telephoned me.

A. mustn’t have arrived

B. shouldn’t have arrived

C. can’t have arrived

D. needn’t have arrived

4. Sir, you ______be sitting in this waiting room. It is for women and children only.

A. mustn’t B. can’t

C. won’t D. needn’t

5. A left-luggage office is a place where bags _______ be left for a short time, especially at a railway station.

A. should B. can

C. must D. will

6. — Is John coming by train?

— He should, but he _____ not. He likes driving his car.

A. must B. can

C. need D. may

7. It has been announced that candidates _______ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.

A. can B. will

C. may D. shall

8. You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman ______ be so rude to a lady.

A. might B. need

C. should D. would

9. —Don’t forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow.

—_______.

A. I don’t B. I won’t

C. I can’t D. I haven’t

10. I didn’t see her in the meeting-room this morning. She ______ at the meeting.

A. mustn’t have spoken

B. shouldn’t have spoken

C. needn’t have spoken

D. couldn’t have spoken

答案與解析

1. B 從第二個分句“他太矮了”可以推知說話者持否定態(tài)度，needn’t意思是“沒有必要”，與語境不符。

2. C 根據(jù)句意“我已經(jīng)告訴她怎樣到那兒，但是或許我應(yīng)該給她寫下來”可知，說話者含有“后悔、遺憾”的意味，應(yīng)使用“情態(tài)動詞+完成式”形式，“must+完成式”表示對過去的肯定推測，“should+完成式”才表示虛擬意義。

3. C 根據(jù)第二分句“否則的話他就會給我打電話了”可知“Jack肯定還沒到”，“can’t+完成式”意思是“根本不可能”。

4. A 從第二分句可知，這是婦女和兒童專用候車室，因此你“不準”坐在這兒。mustn’t表示“禁止，不準”。

5. B can在此表示許可。

6. D 從后一句“他喜歡開車”可知說話者把握不大。must not不表示推測，can not的語氣太絕對，意思是“根本不可能”。

7. D shall用于第二、三人稱，表示說話人給對方的命令、警告、允諾、威脅等意思。

8. C should在此表示驚訝的感情色彩，意思是“竟然”。

9. B 對祈使句的肯定回答用I will；否定回答用I won’t。

10. D 根據(jù)句意“我今天上午在會議室沒見到她”， 所以“她根本不可能在會上發(fā)言”。表示“根本不可能”用can’t/couldn’t have done形式。

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