2016年英語(yǔ)六級(jí)虛擬語(yǔ)氣精選例題解析
1. I must say he reads very well, and I shouldn’t be surprised if he ______ acting for a living one day.
A. had taken up B. takes up C. have taken up D. would have taken up
解析：(B)所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中沒(méi)有一個(gè)表示對(duì)未來(lái)的情況的虛擬的形式should+動(dòng)詞原形，或是were to do，因此可以斷定if引導(dǎo)的條件句在這里最真實(shí)的條件句，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示一般將來(lái)時(shí)，故(B)是正確答案。
2. If I had seen the movie, I ______ you all about it now.
A. would tell B. will tell C. have told D. would have told
解析：(A)這是一個(gè)混合虛擬語(yǔ)氣的句子，if條件句表示的.是對(duì)過(guò)去情況的假設(shè)，而主句是對(duì)現(xiàn)在(now)的情況的假設(shè)，故用would tell形式。
3. I’d rather you ______ anything about it for the time being.
A. do B. didn’t do C. don’t D. didn’t
解析：B.would rather引導(dǎo)的虛擬語(yǔ)氣其謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去式。
4. Mary ______ my letter; otherwise she would have replied before now.
A. has received B. ought to have received
C. couldn’t have received D. shouldn’t have received
解析：C.注意單詞otherwise引導(dǎo)虛擬語(yǔ)氣。
5. We didn't know his telephone number, otherwise we _____ him. ( 1995年6月四級(jí)第46題)
A) would have telephoned B) must have telephoned
C) would telephone D) had telephoned
解析：本題是與過(guò)去時(shí)相反的虛擬句，從句中用過(guò)去完成式，主句中用would have done。本句相當(dāng)于if we had known his telephone number，we would have telephoned him。答案是(A) would have telephoned。
6. Jean doesn't want to work right away because she thinks that if she ______ a job she probably wouldn't be able to see her friends very often.(1996年1月四級(jí)第44題)
A. has to get B. had got C. were to get D. could have got
解析：本句的意思是：“瓊不想馬上就工作，她認(rèn)為要是找了工作，就不能經(jīng)常探訪她的朋友了”。這說(shuō)明，瓊目前沒(méi)有工作。句中假設(shè)的情況在近期內(nèi)并不會(huì)存在。該條件句應(yīng)當(dāng)用表示將來(lái)情況的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。條件從句的謂語(yǔ)用should或were to引出。因此C. were to get 是本題答案。選項(xiàng)A. has to get是陳述語(yǔ)氣的現(xiàn)在時(shí)，不能用于虛擬條件句中。選項(xiàng)B. had got是虛擬語(yǔ)氣的過(guò)去時(shí)，不能表示將來(lái)時(shí)間。選項(xiàng)D. could have got不能用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣的條件從句中。
7. Look at the terrible situation I am in! if only I ____ your advice.(1993年6月四級(jí)第70題)
A. follow B. had followed C. would follow D. have followed
解析：if only 引出感嘆句，意思是“要是……多好”，表示說(shuō)話人的一種愿望，希望發(fā)生(事實(shí)上不可能發(fā)生)與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的情況。本句的全句意思是：“看我現(xiàn)在的處境多糟糕!要是我聽從你的勸告多好”。事實(shí)上，句中的“我”沒(méi)有聽從勸告，所以處境很糟糕。題中空格處應(yīng)當(dāng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，答案是B。
8 .That tree looked as if it _____ for a long time.
a.hasn't watered b.had not been watered
c.didn't water d.wasn't watered
解析：本題測(cè)試as if 從句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，as if 從句所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容完全與實(shí)際情況相反或純粹是一種假設(shè)時(shí)，通常使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。
9. I'd rather you ____ anything about it for the time being.
a. don't do b.did
c.didn't do d.would do
解析：would rather 表示愿望，后接從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，用過(guò)去時(shí)。
10. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I ____ your advice
a.follow b.would follow
c.had followed d.have followed
解析：本題測(cè)試if only 引起的感嘆句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。if only 引起的感嘆句，相當(dāng)于“how I wish +賓語(yǔ)從句”。其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式與wish后的賓語(yǔ)從句形式相同。
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