2015年12月英語六級考試翻譯解析
篇一:
太極拳(Taijiquan)是中華民族的寶貴財富,是東方文化的重要組成部分。作為中國古老的武術(shù)(maritialarts)之一。其主要功能是武術(shù)攻防、鍛煉身體和修身養(yǎng)性(self-cultivation )。太極拳在演練時,動作柔緩,但能以突然爆發(fā)的力量將對手擊退。經(jīng)過幾個世紀(jì)的發(fā)展,太極拳已發(fā)展為多個分支,每個分支都有自己的特點。如今,太極拳在中國乃至世界受到越來越多人歡迎。
1.第1句可譯為并列結(jié)構(gòu)Taijiquan is precious wealth...and an important part...,系動詞“是”(is)只需譯出一個。
2.第2句中的“其主要功能是”可直譯為its main functionsare to...,但稍顯生硬,宜轉(zhuǎn)述為“它通常用于”(it is usuallyused for...)。“攻防”在中文里是一個詞,但實際包含了兩層意思,故分譯為attacking and defending;同理,第3句的“柔緩”譯為gentle and slow。
3.第3句中的“太極拳在演練時”實為被動句,“太極拳”為受動者,故譯作When Taijiquan is beingpractice...。“但能以突然爆發(fā)的力量......”處理為which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句which,however, candefeat。“突然爆發(fā)的力量”可譯為sudden strength或sudden force,因為sudden已包含有“突然爆發(fā)”的.意思,故“爆發(fā)”一詞不需再譯。
4.最后一句中的“在中國乃至世界受到越來越多人歡迎”,除譯文外,還可以有多種譯法,如is welcomed bymore and more people both in China and overseas;is accepted by more and more people inChina and the world as well。
參考譯文:
Tajiquan is precious wealth of Chinese nation andan important part of the eastern culture. As one ofthe ancient martial arts in China, it is usually usedfor attacking and defending, body building and self-cultivation. When Tajiquan is being practiced, themovements are gentle and slow, which, however,can defeat the opponent with sudden strength. Through centuries of development, Taijiquanhas developed into several branches, and everyone has its features. Now Tajiquan has becomeincreasingly popular both in China and abroad.
篇二:
算盤(abacus)是中國古代的一項偉大發(fā)明。在古代,人們用小木棍進行計算隨著社會的發(fā)展,需要計算的數(shù)目越來越大,用小木棍已無法憲成計算。于是,人們發(fā)明了更為高級的計算工具一一算盤。由于算盤操作方便、簡單易學(xué),因此在中國被廣泛使用。在算盤的基礎(chǔ)上,有人發(fā)展了珠心算(mental abacus),即把算盤的形象描繪在腦海中來計算數(shù)字。
1.第1句由3個短句構(gòu)成,第1個短句譯成介詞短語Withthesocial development或連詞as引出的從句As the societydeveloped;第2個短句可處理為主句,當(dāng)中的定語“需要計算的”可譯為分詞短語 needed to calculate,作后置定語;第3個短句則處理成用which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句,套用make it impossible for sb./sth. to do sth.的結(jié)構(gòu),譯成which made it impossible for the rods to fulfill the task,為了避免重復(fù),把“完成計算”轉(zhuǎn)譯成了“完成任務(wù)”。
2.第4句中破折號后的內(nèi)容“算盤”是前面“更為高級的計算工具”的同位語,譯文處也可用破折號引出。
3.第5句中的“由于算盤操作方便、簡單易學(xué)”可套用英語常用句式It is+ a. + to do sth.,譯為Since it wasconvenient to use and easy to learn。雖然中文出現(xiàn)了“由于......因此......”,但譯為英語時不能同時出現(xiàn)“Since... so...”。
4.最后一句中的“有人發(fā)展了珠心算”如果逐字對譯為someonehas developed...則顯晦澀,且主語“有人”無需強調(diào),故轉(zhuǎn)換主語為“珠心算”,用there came句型,表存現(xiàn)狀態(tài)。“即把算盤的形象……”是對“珠心算”的補充說明,可用介詞短語 with the image of an abacus in mind to calculate the figures 來表達(dá)。
參考譯文:
The abacus is a great invention in ancient China. Inthe old times, people used small rods to count, Withthe social development, numbers needed tocalculate were increasingly greater, which made itimpossible for the rods to fulfill the task. Thus,people invented a more advanced calculating devicethe abacus. Since it was convenient to use and easy to learn,the abacus was widely used inChina. On the basis of the abacus, there came the mental abacus with the image of anabacus in mind to calculate the figures.
篇三:
據(jù)說《茉莉花》(Jasmine Flower)是流傳到海外的第一首中國民歌。許多國外學(xué)者在研究中國音樂史時都提到了《茉莉花》,不少外國人學(xué)唱中文歌時首選這首歌。2004年雅典奧運會(Athens Olympics)閉幕式上, 一位中國小姑娘唱起《茉莉花》,給所有觀眾留下了深刻的印象。2008年北京奧運會,《茉莉花》被選為頒獎典禮 (awarding ceremony)的音樂。這首歌帶給我們美好藝術(shù)享受的同時也帶給我們驕傲。
1.第1句“據(jù)說《茉莉花》是……第一首中國民歌”可譯為It issaid that Jasmine flower is the first...,但不如譯文說的Jasmine Flower is said to be the first...來得簡單。定語“流傳到海外的”較長,故將其處理成后置定語,用表被動的過去分詞短語introduced to foreign countries來表達(dá)。
2.第2句中的“在研究中國音樂史時”為時間狀語,處理成從句,英譯時需增譯出從句主語they,表達(dá)為whenthey study the history of Chinese music,置于主句之后。“不少外國人學(xué)唱中文歌時首選這首歌”可逐字對譯為 many foreigners who would like to learn to sing Chinese songs would first choose thissong,但譯文繁冗拗口。根據(jù)“漢語多用動詞,英語多用名詞”的表達(dá)差異,考慮將“首選這首歌”譯為the firstchoice,用結(jié)構(gòu) it is the first choice for sb.譯出。
3.第3句中的“給所有現(xiàn)眾留下了深刻的印象”可用并列結(jié)構(gòu)and greatly impressed...,但不如將其處理成非限制性定語從句好,譯作which greatly impressed all the audiences更能體現(xiàn)原文的邏輯關(guān)系。
4.最后一句“這首歌帶給我們……的同時也…”可套用句型sth brings sb. both... and...,故譯為This songbrings us both great artistic enjoyment and pride。
參考譯文:
Jasmine Flower is said to be the first Chinese folksong introduced to foreign countries. A lot ofscholars abroad have mentioned Jasmine Flowerwhen they study the history of Chinese music. It isthe first choice for many foreigners who would like tolearn to sing Chinese songs. In closing ceremony ofthe 2004 Athens Olympics, a Chinese girl sang this song, which greatly impressed all theaudiences. In 2008 Beijing Olympics, it was chosen as the music played in awarding ceremony.This song brings us both great artistic enjoyment and pride.
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