大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀理解專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題

時(shí)間：2021-01-28 11:46:08 英語(yǔ)四級(jí) 我要投稿

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　　篇一：

大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀理解專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題

　　Merchant and passenger ships are generally required to have a life preserver for every person aboard and in many cases, a certain percentage of smaller sizes for children. According to United States requirements, life preservers must design, reversible capable of being quickly adjusted to fit the uninitiated individual, and must be so designed as to support the wearer in the water in an upright or slightly backward position.

　　Sufficient buoyancy(浮力) to support the wearer should be retained by the life preserver after 48 hours in the water, and it should be reliable even after long period of storage. Thus it should be made of materials resistant to sunlight, gasoline, and oils, and it should be not easily set on fire.?The position in which the life preserver will support a person who jumps or falls into the water is most important, as is its tendency to turn the wearer in the water from a face-down position to an upright or slightly backward position, with his face clear of the water, even when the wearer is exhausted or unconscious.

　　The method of adjustment to the body should be simple, and self-evident to uninitiated persons even in the dark under the confused conditions, which follow a disaster. Thus, the life be reversible that it is nearly impossible to get it on wrong. Catches, straps, and ties should be kept to a minimum. In addition, the life preserver must be adjustable to the wide variety of shapes and sizes of wearers, since this greatly affects the position of floating and the self-righting qualities. A suitable life also be comfortable to wear at all times, in and out of the water, not so heavy as to encourage to take it off on shipboard while the ship is in danger, nor so burdensome that it hinders a person in the water while trying to swim.

　　1. The passage is mainly about____.

　　A) the uses of life preservers

　　B) the design of life preservers

　　C) the materials for life preservers

　　D) the buoyancy of life preservers

　　2. According to the passage, a life be first of all ____.

　　A) adjustable B) comfortable C) self-evident D) self-righting

　　3. United States Coast Guard does NOT require the life preserver to be made ____.

　　A) with as few strings as possible

　　B) capable of being worn on both sides

　　C) according to each wearer's size

　　D) comfortable and light to wear

　　4. By “the uninitiated individual” (Para. 1, Line. 4) the author refers to the person ____.

　　A) who has not been instructed how to use a life preserver

　　B) who has a little experience in using a life preserver

　　C) who uses a life preserver without permission

　　D) who becomes nervous before a disaster

　　5. What would happen if a person were supported by the life preserver in a wrong position?

　　A) The waves would move him backwards.

　　B) The water would choke him.

　　C) He would immediately sink to the bottom.

　　D) He would be exhausted or unconscious.

　　答案與解析：

　　1. B

　　文章主要講述了救生衣的設(shè)計(jì)。間接題型段首主旨題。C項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)都是對(duì)救生衣設(shè)計(jì)中設(shè)計(jì)材料的說(shuō)明。A項(xiàng)為陷阱，指救生衣的`用途，盡管開(kāi)頭提到，但范圍不著邊際。故只有B是正確選項(xiàng)。

　　2. D

　　根據(jù)文章，救生衣首先會(huì)自動(dòng)扶正。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。本文第三段主要討論救生衣落水位置，應(yīng)設(shè)計(jì)的能“自動(dòng)扶正”,或稍向后仰。B項(xiàng)是對(duì)材料的描述，范圍太窄，而A和C不合題意，因此D是正確答案。

　　3. C

　　美國(guó)海岸巡邏隊(duì)不需要救生衣根據(jù)穿戴者的尺寸生產(chǎn)。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。A項(xiàng)和B項(xiàng)都涉及method，其相關(guān)部分見(jiàn)最后一段第三句，A，B，D三項(xiàng)都是文章中提及的，C項(xiàng)與本題無(wú)關(guān)的內(nèi)容，因此應(yīng)該選C。

　　4. A

　　“the uninitiated individual”作者指的是不知道怎么使用救生衣的人。語(yǔ)義指代題。根據(jù)文章最后一段第一句，我們可推出“the uninitiated individual”就是指的那些不知道怎么使用救生衣的人。故A是正確選項(xiàng)。

　　5. D

　　如果一個(gè)人沒(méi)有正確使用救生衣，就會(huì)發(fā)生什么?細(xì)節(jié)辨別題。第三段第一句后半句中a face-down position和本題中的 in a wrong position相對(duì)應(yīng)。因此選項(xiàng)D“他可能太累了或者是已經(jīng)失去知覺(jué)”是正確答案。

　　篇二：

　　The motor vehicle has killed and disabled more people in its brief history than any bomb or weapon ever invented. Much of the blood on the street flows essentially from uncivil behavior of drivers who refuse to respect the legal and moral rights of others. So the massacre on the road may be regarded as a social problem.

　　In fact, the enemies of society on wheels are rather harmless people or ordinary people acting carelessly, you might say. But it is a principle both of law and common morality that carelessness is no excuse when one's actions could bring death or damage to others. A minority of the killers go even beyond carelessness to total negligence.

　　Researchers have estimated that as many as 80 per cent of all automobile accidents can be attributed to the psychological condition of the driver. Emotional upsets can distort drivers' reactions, slow their judgment, and blind them to dangers that might otherwise be evident. The experts warn that it is vital for every driver to make a conscious effort to keep one's emotions under control.

　　Yet the irresponsibility that accounts for much of the problem is not confined to drivers. Street walkers regularly violate traffic regulations; they are at fault in most vehicle walker accidents. And many cyclists even believe that they are not subject to the basic rules of the road.

　　Significant legal advances have been made towards safer driving in the past few years. Safety standards for vehicle have been raised both at the point of manufacture and through periodic road-worthiness inspections. In addition, speed limits have been lowered. Due to these measures, the accident rate has decreased. But the accident experts still worry because there has been little or no improvement in the way drivers behave. The only real and lasting solution, say the experts, is to convince people that driving is a skilled task requiring constant care and concentration. Those who fail to do all these things pose a threat to those with whom they share the road.

　　62. The word “massacre” in line 3 paragraph one means _____

　　A) mass-killing.

　　B) disaster.

　　C) tragedy.

　　D) accident.

　　63. What is the author's main purpose in writing the passage?

　　A) To show that the motor vehicle is a very dangerous invention.

　　B) To promote understanding between careless drivers and street walkers.

　　C) To discuss traffic problems and propose possible solutions.

　　D) To warn drivers of the importance of safe driving.

　　64. According to the passage, traffic accidents may be regarded as a social problem because _____.

　　A) autos have become most destructive to mankind