大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)作文合集[15篇]
在日常生活或是工作學(xué)習(xí)中，大家最不陌生的就是作文了吧，作文是從內(nèi)部言語(yǔ)向外部言語(yǔ)的過(guò)渡，即從經(jīng)過(guò)壓縮的簡(jiǎn)要的、自己能明白的語(yǔ)言，向開展的、具有規(guī)范語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的、能為他人所理解的外部語(yǔ)言形式的轉(zhuǎn)化。那么你有了解過(guò)作文嗎？下面是小編為大家收集的大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)作文，僅供參考，歡迎大家閱讀。
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大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)作文1
【題目要求】 Advertisements discourage us from being different individuals and make us become what they want us to be and look the same．Do you agree or disagree？
Advertisements discourage us from being different individuals and make us become what they want us to be and look the same．Do you agree or disagree？
【參考范文】 Nowadays，the overwhelming influence of advertisements on media has made too many controversial social issues．Some people argue that advertisements make the audience have the similar look by driving them to buy products of the same brand．Personally，I fundamentally agree with this assertion，and my reasons will be explored as below．
Admittedly，the literal intention of advertisements is to sharpen the concept of individualism．For the purpose of distinguishing brand names，slogans and testimonials in advertisement are always full of very personalized words，including "new"，"innovation"，"uniqueness"，"revolution"，"the best"，"the only"，"the first"．It is clear that core values of these words bring people a motivation to change，and a desire to try something distinctive．Consequently，the gap between people can be broadened，because any individual is stimulated by advertisements to express their personalities by buy different items，instead of following common tastes．
However，when considering practical effects of advertisements on the society，I strongly believe they play a role of depersonalizing the audience，and the first reason is that commercials are the key tool for big companies to monopolize the market．One hand，many big companies invest billions of dollars annually in making fascinating and prepossessing advertisements to attract the public，which consistently maintains the loyalty of patrons，and cultivate good impressions of potential customers on their brands．On the other hand，small companies have too limited financial ability to afford these costly publicity campaigns，so that their names and influences continue to fade and lose consumer groups．That is to say，advertisements，an expensive privilege only for rich and big companies，help these companies exclusively occupy the market，as well as reducing the diversity of brands．In this situation，people definitely look the same，because they have no other options but buy the same—brand food，clothes and devices produced by a dominating company．
Another reason supporting this assertion lies on the fact that exposure to advertisements standardizes thoughts and tastes among audiences，especially in terms of their appearance．A typical example comes from fashion，cosmetic and shampoo commercials which highlight the close—up of images of certain model or celebrity．This is a strong brainwash by implying that images of these actors are common standards of human beauty，and then triggering massive public imitation shows round by round．In too many cases，large groups of hypnotized people，regardless of ages，careers and races，blindly follow and chase so—called iconic figures in an advertisement，mainly through buying and using the same lipstick and perfume，wearing same clothes，watch，ornaments and bag，even copying the same hair style．
In conclusion，I believe the main social influence of advertisements is to make people have the similar images apparently．Although slogans of advertisements tend to individualize the audience，the truth is that advertisements not only let big companies rule the market solely，but also manipulate the public’s minds to buy the same things．
大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)作文2
last friday afternoon, when i was on my way home, a traffic accident took place at the crossing of shanghai road.
a pupil was knocked down by a black car when he was walking across the street. his legs were badly hurt. sever(several) minutes later an ambulance came, and the driver of the black car sent the pupil to the hospital immediately.
in my eyes, this accident was due to that the pupil broke the traffic rules. that is to say, the pupil walked across the street when the traffic lights were red. as soon as the driver saw the pupil, he stopped the car, however, it was too late. in my opinion, it was necessary to advocate people to confirm to the traffic rules. if the pupil hadnt broken the traffic rules, the accident might not have happened.
大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)作文3
We Chinese place a high value on responsibility. It is traditional deal for us Chinese to take care of our parents. We owe them a great deal for the love they give us while we are growing up. It is right, then, when they are getting older with each passing day, we help them and see that they are well cared for. In this way, we give back some of the love and care they have given to us. As loyal Chinese citizens, we must have a strong sense of responsibility to our country. I t is our duty to keep China strong in the eyes of the world. Therefore, we should study and work hard for China’s strongness which also depends on the advanced science and technology. We must be willing to join the Army and defend our country, would we be threatened by an invader(侵入者). In short, to be a
responsible citizen ,we must put our country’s welfare above our own needs. Finally, we must remember that we have a responsibility to the world we live in. It is important that we learn to live in peace with the other nations of the world and to protect our environment.If we carry out these responsibilities, we will be respected （受尊敬的）citizens of our country.
大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)作文4
一.段首句
1)關(guān)于……人們有不同的觀點(diǎn)。一些人認(rèn)為……
There are different opinions among people as to 省略.Some people suggest that 省略.
2)俗話說(shuō)……，它是我們前輩的經(jīng)歷，但是，即使今天，它在許多場(chǎng)合仍然使用。There is an old saying省略.It is the experience of our forefathers,however,it is correct in many cases even today.
3)現(xiàn)在，……，它們給我們的日常生活帶來(lái)了許多危害。首先，……;其次，……。更為糟糕的是……。
Today,省略,which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life.First,省略,Second,省略.What makes things worse is that 省略.
4)現(xiàn)在，……很普遍，許多人喜歡……，因?yàn)椤硗狻?/p>
Nowadays,it is common to 省略.Many people like 省略because省略.Besides,省略.
5)任何事物都是兩面性，……也不例外。它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面。
Everything has two sides and 省略is not an exception.It has both advantages and disadvantages.
6)關(guān)于……人們的觀點(diǎn)各不相同，一些人認(rèn)為……，在他們看來(lái)，……
People's opinions about 省略vary from person to person.Some people say that 省略.To them,省略.
7)人類正面臨著一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題……，這個(gè)問(wèn)題變的越來(lái)越嚴(yán)重。
Man is now facing a big problem省略which is becoming more and more serious.
8)……已成為人的關(guān)注的熱門話題，特別是在年輕人當(dāng)中，將引發(fā)激烈的辯論。
省略has become a hot topic among people,especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way.
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9)……在我們的.日常生活中起著越來(lái)越重要的作用，它給我們帶來(lái)了許多好處，但同時(shí)也引發(fā)一些嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題。
省略has been playing an increasingly important role in our daily life.It has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.
10)根據(jù)圖表/數(shù)字/統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字/表格中的百分比/圖表/條圖形/成形圖可以看出……。很顯然……，但是為什么呢
According to the figure/number/statistics/percentages/ in the chart/bar graph/line/graph, it can be seen that省略.Obviously,省略,but why
二.中間段落句
1)相反，有一些人贊成……，他們相信……，而且，他們認(rèn)為……。
On the contrary,there are some people in favor of 省略.At the same time ,they say省略.
2)但是，我認(rèn)為這不是解決……的好方法，比如……。最糟糕的是……。
But I don't think it is a very good way to solve省略.For example,省略.Worst of all,省略.
3)……對(duì)我們國(guó)家的發(fā)展和建設(shè)是必不可少的，非常重要的。首先，……。而且……，最重要的是……
省略is necessary and important to our country's development and
construction.First,省略.What's more,省略.Most important of all,省略.
4)有幾個(gè)可供我們采納的方法。首先，我們可以……。 There are several measures for us to adopt.First,we can省略.
5)面臨……，我們應(yīng)該采取一系列行之有效地方法來(lái)……。一方面……，另一方面…… Confronted with省略,we should take a series of effective measures to省略.For one thing,省略For another,省略.
6)早該拿出行動(dòng)了。比如說(shuō)……，另外……。所有這些方法肯定會(huì)……。
It is high time that something was done about it.For example,省略.In addition.省略.All these measures will certainly省略.
7)然而，正如任何事物都有好壞兩個(gè)方面一樣，……也有它不利的一面，像……。
However,just like everyone has both its good and bad sides,省略also has its own disadvantages,such as省略.
8)盡管如此，我相信……更有利。
Nonetheless,I believe that省略is more advantageous.
9)完全同意……這種觀點(diǎn)(陳述)，主要理由如下： I fully agree with the statement that省略because省略.
三.結(jié)尾句
1)至于我，在某種程度上我同意后面的觀點(diǎn)，我認(rèn)為……
As for as I am concerned,I agree with the latter opinion to some extent.I think that省略.
2)總而言之，整個(gè)社會(huì)應(yīng)該密切關(guān)注……這個(gè)問(wèn)題。只有這樣，我們才能在將來(lái)……。 In a word,the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of省略.Only in this way can省略in the future.
3)就我個(gè)人而言，我相信……，因此，我堅(jiān)信美好的未來(lái)正等著我們。因此……
Personally,I believe that省略.Consequently,I'm confident that a bright future is awaiting us because省略.
4)隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展，……。因此，迫切需要……。如果每個(gè)人都愿為社會(huì)貢獻(xiàn)自己的一份力量，這個(gè)社會(huì)將要變得越來(lái)越好。
With the development of society,省略.So it's urgent and necessary to省略.If every member is willing to contribute himself to the society,it will be better and better.
5)至于我(對(duì)我而言，就我而言)，我認(rèn)為……更合理。只有這樣，我們才能…… For my part,I think it reasonable to省略.Only in this way can we省略.
6)在總體上很難說(shuō)……是好還是壞，因?yàn)樗诤艽蟪潭壬先Q于……的形式。然而，就我個(gè)人而言，我發(fā)現(xiàn)……。
It is difficult to say whether省略is good or not in general as it depends very much on the situation of省略-.However,from a personal point of view find省略.
7)綜上所述，我們可以清楚地得出結(jié)論……
From what has been discussed above,we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that省略.
8)如果我們不采取有效的方法，就可能控制不了這種趨勢(shì)，就會(huì)出現(xiàn)一些意想不到的不良后果，所以，我們應(yīng)該做的是……
If we can not take useful means,we may not control this trend,and some undesirable result may come out unexpectedly,so what we should do is...
大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)作文5
題目要求：
1. 現(xiàn)在許多大學(xué)生放棄學(xué)業(yè)去參加“選秀”節(jié)目;
2. 有人認(rèn)為“選秀”節(jié)目為這些大學(xué)生提供了展示自我的`平臺(tái)，他們應(yīng)該抓住機(jī)會(huì)“秀出自己”;但也有人認(rèn)為這種選秀節(jié)目會(huì)養(yǎng)成大學(xué)生 “急功近利”的心態(tài);
3. 那么作為一個(gè)大學(xué)生，你是怎么看待這件事情的?
參考范文：
Nowadays, TV PK Shows (or we can call it Talent Shows) are great hit in China and have attracted many young people. As for me, TV PK Shows, as all other things, have both positive and negative effects. Therefore, the most crucial thing is how we see them.
Some people think Talent Shows provide grass-root people with a stage to display their talents, so they should seize every opportunity to show off their talents. Some College students even give up their studies to attend these TV PK Shows in the hope of becoming famous overnight. They even regard TV PK shows as a shortcut to the success. While other people reckon that TV PK Shows will develop the undergraduates’ attitude of anxious of achieving quick success. And once they were failed in these shows, they would suffer a great psychological unbalance. This is really bad to their physical and psychological health.
To sum up, everything has its limit. As long as the right attitude is employed, then it is OK.
大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)作文6
(1)建議信
Dear ________,
I’m very ___________ to know / learn that __________. I am writing to voice my suggestions / proposals / views concerning _________. In my opinion,_________. On the on hand,__________. On the other hand,__________.
As to _________, I would like to suggest / recommend that __________, because __________. It would be __________. In addition,___________. I am sure that __________.
Please inform me of your feedback on __________. I am looking forward to __________.
Truly yours
(2)投訴信
Dear __________,
My name is __________, and I am __________. I venture to write you a letter about __________.
The focus of the complaint is _________. For on thing,___________. For another,__________. Under these circumstances, I found / find it __________. Honestly speaking, _________. In addition,__________. All in all, there is still much room for improvement.
I do hope _________. Thank you for your time and kind consideration.
Sincerely yours
(3)拒絕信
Dear_____________,
Thank you very much for_____________.To be honest,__________.However,the current situation does not allow me to do this.
This has been a difficule decision for me,but I have to do this.On the one hand,____________.On the other hand,__________.In view of these,I regret that_____________.I hope this does not bring you much inconwenience.
I feel very sorry to disappoint you.If___________,I will __________.I do appreciate your________.Meanwhile,I wish___________.
Sincerely yours
___________
(4)祝賀信
Dear_______
I have just learnt that___________.I hasten to tender you a word of congratulations on this splendid success of________.
It is indeed a remarkable thing for _________.The success of your________proves not only____________,but also___________.
Again,please accept my warm congratulations and please give my best wishes to__________.
Sincerely yours,
___________
(5)道歉信
Dear___________
I am terribly sorry to tell you that_________,and I am writing this letter to show my deep regret.Please accept my sincere apology with gratitude.I hope you will understand my situation and excuse me for___________.
The reason why__________is that__________.Under that circumstance,____________.Therefore,it was not my power to___________.
If possible,I would like to suggest that___________.I shall be obliged if you will kindly write and tell me___________.I am looking forward to seeing you again.
Yours,
________
(6)申請(qǐng)信
Dear_______,
My name is ________,and I_________.I am writing to____________.I will be very grateful if my application can be considered and accepted.
There are several factors contributing to my application. First of all,_________.Besides,__________.furthermore,___________.Therefore,_________.
I sincerely hope you will grant me _____________.If you need more information,fell free to contact me at any time by calling_____________.Thank you for your kind consideration and I am looking forward to hearing from you .
Sincerely yours,
(7)求職信
Dear___________,
I am _______and I would like to apply for the position of___________posted on________.I have attacheda copy of my resume for consideration.I believe my qualifications are ideal match for your requirements.
I am a major in_______,and I will graduate in___________.In addition to my experience of_____________,I_____________.I believe my education and experience__________.You will find me to be____________.I would appreciate your time in reviewing my enclosed resume and if there is any additional information you require, please feel free to contact me.It would be great if you give me an opportunity to meet you for interview.
Best regards.
(8)邀請(qǐng)信
Dear____________,
____________at/in__________on___________.It would be a great pleasure to have you attend this event.
I am sure that you will be interested in_______.First,____________.Second,_______.Enclosed is the details of_____________.Your participation is very important because_____________.
The ____________will begin at____________.We do hope that you can make it .If not,would it be possible for you to drop us a line before_________?Thank you very much.
Best wishes.
(9)感謝信
Dear_________,
I am writing this letter to express my sincere gratitude for___________.Had it not been for your assistance in ___________,I fear that ___________may not have____________.I’d like you to know that your help __________.It not only____________,but also__________.I shall always remember__________.
I hope that I will have the opportunity of returning your hospitality by inviting you to ______.Will you kindly let me know whether you____________?I am looking forward to seeing you soon!
Again,I would like to express my thanks to .Please accept my appreciatin and pass my best wishes on to ____________.I hope to hear from you soon.
Yours,
(10)慰問(wèn)信
Dear___________,
I read from today’s newspaper about recent_________and I am writing to extend my deepest condolences.
It broke my heart to__________.I could not believe my eyes when_________,and I am really worried about you and your_________I am crossing my fingers for you now in hope that________.
I can imagine how difficult it must be for you , and I want to let you know that you have my full support.We are donating money and necessities to______.Please let me know if I can help you with anything else.
I feel extrenely sorry for the tragedy,and I am convinced that you will overcome the difficulty and embrace a better life.
Sincere yours,
(11)倡議書
Dear__________,
I am writing this letter to call on_________.As some of you may know,________.In face,________.
It is necessary for us to________.On the one hand,__________.On the other hand,_________.Hesce, it is high time________.Firstly, we should _____________.Secondly,___________.
Please contact us via_________.Please join us in the effort to __________.
Thank you for your paiticipation~
Sincerely,
(12)活動(dòng)海報(bào)
Under the auspices of__________,__________will be held ___________.T he activity aims to__________.The arrangements are as follows.
Firsr of all,__________.After that,________In addition,_____________.
Anyone who is interested in the activity is welcome to _____________-.Please contact us through____________.We are earnestly looking forward to our active participation!__________
大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)作文7
There are many advantages for a student to have a part time job. For instance， it helps him to realize that no success comes from nothing. It enables him to be independent and builds up his self-confidence.
Therefore， part-time jobs can get the students out of the ivory tower and give them the opportunity to know more of himself and of his personal value in society. As everything has two sides， the disadvantages can’t be ignored. Part-time jobs cut into students’ study time; some even become so preoccupied with making money that they ca ‘t focus their attention on studying. In the end， the students may fall behind or fail in their studies. In my opinion， students can choose to take up a job according to their own situation.
The most important thing is for him to keep a good balance， put his study on top of the list and assign an adequate amount of time to it.
大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)作文8
Recently，an investigation has caused heated debate among the society。 The result of the investigation has showed that about 50% of students in cities have private tutors。 Some people think it’s quite necessary to hire a tutor to help the students with their homework，while some people argue that hiring a tutor has more disadvantages than advantages。
最近，一項(xiàng)調(diào)查結(jié)果在社會(huì)上引起了強(qiáng)烈討論。調(diào)查的結(jié)果顯示：在城市中有大約一半的學(xué)生請(qǐng)家教。一些人認(rèn)為請(qǐng)家教輔導(dǎo)學(xué)生寫作業(yè)很正常，而另外一些人則認(rèn)為請(qǐng)家教弊大于利。
Why private tutoring is so popular？Well，many parents，for different kinds of reason，did not have the chance to receive a good education。 When their children have problems in their study，they become helpless。 Turn to the tutors for help seems to be the only solution。
為何家教如此流行？很多家長(zhǎng)，因?yàn)槟承┰�，沒(méi)有得到很好的教育。當(dāng)他們的.孩子在學(xué)習(xí)中遭遇困難時(shí)，他們變得手足無(wú)措。而請(qǐng)家教就成了唯一的解決方式。
On the surface，hiring a tutor can help students to improve their marks，but in fact，it takes up too much time of the students’ time that they will have no time for rest and entertainment。 They spend all their time on study，they don’t have time to do exercise or play outside。 What’s more，some teachers are eager to help students to do well on the exams，offering unnecessary tasks for the students，in this case，the students burden will be very heavy to some degree。 Thus，I think it’s not necessary to have private tutors。
表面上看，請(qǐng)家教能幫助學(xué)生提高成績(jī)。但實(shí)際上，它占用了學(xué)生過(guò)多的休息于娛樂(lè)時(shí)間。學(xué)生們把所有的時(shí)間都花在學(xué)習(xí)上，都沒(méi)有剩余的時(shí)間去鍛煉或者出去玩。更糟糕的是，有些老師忙于幫學(xué)生提高成績(jī)，無(wú)意中給學(xué)生增加了很多壓力。因此，我認(rèn)為請(qǐng)家教弊大于利。
大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)作文9
1. only too to do so 和too ready + to do結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式也沒(méi)有否定意義，凡是not，allbut等字后+tooto，不定式都失去了否定意義，在too ready +to do結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式也沒(méi)有否定意義。
You know but too yell to hold your tongue.
2. no more than句型
A home without love is no more a home than a body without a soul is a man.
3. not so muchas和not so much as 結(jié)構(gòu)，not so muchas=not so much as ，其中as有進(jìn)可換用but rather，可譯為：與其說(shuō)是毋須說(shuō)是。而not so much as=withouteven，可譯為甚至還沒(méi)有。
The oceans do not so much divide the world as unite it.
4. Nothing is morethan和Nothing is so as結(jié)構(gòu)，Nothing is morethan和Nothing is so as都具有最高級(jí)比較的意思，Nothing I可換用no，nobody，nowhere，little，few，hardly，scarcely等等，可譯為沒(méi)有比更為，像再?zèng)]有了，最等。
Nothing is more precious than time.
5. cannottoo結(jié)構(gòu),cannottoo意為It is impossible to overdo或者，即無(wú)論怎樣也不算過(guò)分。not可換用hardly，scarcely等，too可換用enough，sufficient等。
You cannot be too careful.
6. 否定+but 結(jié)構(gòu)，在否定詞后面的but，具有which not，who not，that not，等等否定意義，構(gòu)成前后的.雙重否定�？勺g成沒(méi)有不是或都等。
大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)作文10
題目要求：
Parents’ Being Slaves to Children
1. 現(xiàn)在有些父母成為“孩奴”
2. 出現(xiàn)這種現(xiàn)象的原因
3. 這種現(xiàn)象可能產(chǎn)生的影響
參考范文：
Sample:
Parents’ Being Slaves to Children
Parents’ being slaves to their children or “child’s slave” is nowadays a hot topic in China. It refers to young parents who have to spend a large part of their income on children. These parents feel great strain under the burden of raising a child and struggle hard to make as much money as possible.
The cost of raising a child in China is becoming greater and greater. But economic pressure is not the only reason that makes young parents “child’s slave”. Parents’ competing with each other in trying to provide the best possible living conditions for their children should also be blamed.
If this problem continues, it would affect parents and the development of our country. These parents would suffer from huge economic pressure, which may pose a threat to their marriages or physical and mental health. On the other hand, to avoid being slaves, some couples are unwilling to have children.
大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)作文11
Importance of Education
The prosperity of a nation depends on the development of education. Throughout the world whatever advance has been made in science and technology is due to education, which brings forth by scientists and inventors. It is never overdone no matter how one emphasizes the importance of education. There is no doubt that countries with undeveloped education will remain poor.
Education is as vital to the development of an individual as it is to that of a nation. Of all the elements of success in our careers none is more vital than education. It is not the genius that makes the difference between success and failure. Education is the driving power. In fact, most of the famous people in our times spent many years in studies. Can you name any great men you admire who are not educated persons?
Yet some people are still ignorant of its importance. Some parents, especially in the countryside, think that it is unnecessary to send their children to school. Some other parents are so selfish that they have their children work for money. In consideration of the situation, compulsory education must be enforced to ensure that there will be enough educated young people for the future of our country.
大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)作文12
大學(xué)英語(yǔ)作文是衡量學(xué)生英語(yǔ)綜合水平和應(yīng)用能力的一個(gè)重要指標(biāo)，也是大學(xué)四級(jí)考試的一個(gè)重要內(nèi)容。在整個(gè)四級(jí)卷面（滿分為100分）中占15分，考生在這一部分的得分直接決定其四級(jí)成績(jī)。近年來(lái)國(guó)家教委又明確規(guī)定，四級(jí)考試中，如果學(xué)生作文得零分，那么即使前面得了滿分（即85分），其總成績(jī)?nèi)詫⒁暈椴患案�。因此寫好一篇文章�?duì)參加四級(jí)考試的學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)可謂至關(guān)重要，不容輕視。
作文不理想的原因很多，總的看來(lái)主要有以下幾個(gè)方面的問(wèn)題：
第一、英語(yǔ)底子太薄。主要表現(xiàn)為對(duì)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)掌握不牢及對(duì)基本詞匯記憶不清。它包括定冠詞和不定冠詞的濫用，主謂不一致，單復(fù)數(shù)搞不清楚，時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)混亂及詞語(yǔ)的各種形式掌握不牢。有的學(xué)生文章寫得很長(zhǎng)，字跡也很工整，但是讀完之后只覺(jué)得思路紊亂，支離破碎，沒(méi)有一個(gè)完整的句子，所以也就只能得兩三分以慰勞苦。
第二、詞匯量太小，且對(duì)已學(xué)詞匯記憶不清。除了底子太薄這個(gè)歷史原因之外，學(xué)生詞匯量太小也是一個(gè)不容忽視的原因。有的學(xué)生漢語(yǔ)功底很好，用漢語(yǔ)作文，他們就會(huì)思如泉涌，下筆千言，但是一到用英語(yǔ)作文就好像被縛住了手腳，不知如何下手。比如99年1月的作文，題目是＂don＇t hesitate to say no＂,
大部分學(xué)生能夠領(lǐng)會(huì)題意并能按給出的漢語(yǔ)提綱作文，但有的學(xué)生連hesitate是什么意思都不知道，更不用說(shuō)在此基礎(chǔ)上再作發(fā)揮了。另外有的學(xué)生雖然對(duì)題目及要求非常清楚，但是因?yàn)樽约核莆盏脑~匯所限，無(wú)法用一些合適的詞來(lái)表達(dá)自己的思想，于是只有繞著題目翻來(lái)覆去亂說(shuō)一氣，再加上這次出的作文提綱就象一道繞口令：
1、別人請(qǐng)求幫助時(shí)，在什么情況下我們會(huì)說(shuō)“不”；
2、為什么有些人在該說(shuō)“不”的時(shí)候不說(shuō)“不”；
3、該說(shuō)“不”時(shí)不說(shuō)“不”的壞處。
所以在說(shuō)過(guò)一個(gè)又一個(gè)的＂no＂再加幾個(gè)＂yes＂之后，閱卷老師也給搞得云里霧里，頭腦發(fā)脹，最后也只得酌情給個(gè)兩三分罷了。還有的一寫到紙上就是錯(cuò)字別字滿篇，有些詞匯的用法也走了樣。其中最典型的就是for example寫成example for , for instance寫成for a instance, illegal寫成unlegle,而such as, in spite of等許多短語(yǔ)則是亂用一氣。詞匯的有限導(dǎo)致許多學(xué)生有口難言，欲說(shuō)不能，對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)，用英語(yǔ)作文實(shí)在是一件很頭疼的事情。
第三、缺乏思想，深度不夠。99年1月的考試中很大一部分學(xué)生不能得高分還有一個(gè)重要的原因，就是他們的作文缺乏思想，深度不夠。很多學(xué)生雖然已是大二的學(xué)生，甚至是大三大四的學(xué)生，但是他們?cè)谧魑漠?dāng)中所表現(xiàn)出的智力水平與閱歷似乎只相當(dāng)于一個(gè)初高中生。寫出的文章著眼點(diǎn)低，視野狹窄。作為學(xué)生，作文著眼于學(xué)生之間的關(guān)系，反映學(xué)生之間的幫忙，這并不為過(guò)，但是這種幫忙不能僅僅限于在考試當(dāng)中的幫忙，而且對(duì)這種幫忙都是一句話＂don＇t hesitate to say＇no＇＂。更有相當(dāng)一部分學(xué)生在文章中寫幫忙就是這一次四級(jí)考試當(dāng)中的幫忙。與在�？忌容^起來(lái)，社會(huì)考生應(yīng)該多了許多社會(huì)閱歷，也多了一些見(jiàn)解，但是舉出來(lái)的例子也是范圍太窄，大多是講老板或領(lǐng)導(dǎo)讓干的事只能答＂yes＂而不能回答＂no＂。其實(shí)除了這些，可舉的例子很多，關(guān)鍵是要抓住實(shí)質(zhì)。
第四、缺乏應(yīng)試技巧。缺乏應(yīng)試技巧，主要表現(xiàn)為有些學(xué)生在篇首或篇尾有喊口號(hào)傾向（如dear friends, let＇s not hesitate to say＂no＂）,或畫蛇添足,本來(lái)文章該結(jié)束了卻偏要羅羅嗦嗦再來(lái)兩句多余的話；另外一些學(xué)生字?jǐn)?shù)把握不準(zhǔn)，不是寫得太短就是寫得太長(zhǎng)，寫得太短的會(huì)因?yàn)樽謹(jǐn)?shù)不夠而失分，太長(zhǎng)的又因?yàn)殚喚砝蠋熑蝿?wù)繁重，時(shí)間窘迫，不能因?yàn)橐黄恼聛y了整個(gè)閱卷節(jié)奏。還有一些學(xué)生的筆跡（尤其是用純藍(lán)墨水鋼筆和出水太淺的圓珠筆寫的），讓閱卷老師怎么也看不清楚。
以上是四級(jí)英語(yǔ)考試中常見(jiàn)的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題，更是我們平時(shí)英語(yǔ)作文當(dāng)中應(yīng)該注意的幾個(gè)方面。要寫好一篇英語(yǔ)文章，關(guān)鍵要在平時(shí)下功夫，打好牢固的基礎(chǔ)，但是如果這一功夫在使用的時(shí)候不講技巧，不但不能事半功倍地發(fā)揮出最高技巧，取得最佳成績(jī)，甚至可能出現(xiàn)與實(shí)際水平相去甚遠(yuǎn)的低成績(jī)。因此，上面講到的四個(gè)問(wèn)題應(yīng)該是相輔相成，缺一不可的，做到了這幾點(diǎn)，寫出一篇好的大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)作文應(yīng)該是不難的。
第二講句子的寫作
我們?cè)谇懊嬖徇^(guò)學(xué)生的作文主要有以下幾個(gè)方面的問(wèn)題;下面我們以考生的實(shí)際作文來(lái)進(jìn)行一下分析。
1）some one consider that fresh water will not touch it＇s end.
2）one man＇s life lack of money, he will impossible to live on.
3）as is know, that there are much fake commodities in today＇s society.
這里引述的例句與考生通篇作文的寫作水平是一致的，具有典型性，代表了近乎中等水平考生的寫作水平。從這些例句中不難看出，中等水平的考生，事實(shí)上也包括中上等水平的考生，在寫作上存在的主要問(wèn)題是表達(dá)思想不清楚。
表達(dá)思想不清楚的主要原因是考生作文中嚴(yán)重漢化的英語(yǔ)，即中式英語(yǔ)，比如："man can live happiness"，"man is iron, and food is steel.",＂women are half side sky.＂。此外，語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤的普遍性和嚴(yán)重性十分驚人，比如，主謂不一致，名詞單復(fù)數(shù)不分，動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)濫用，常用詞拼寫錯(cuò)誤比比皆是。這些嚴(yán)重地影響了思想的表達(dá)�？荚噷�(shí)踐表明，多數(shù)考生在寫作上的主要欠缺不是系統(tǒng)的寫作理論和方法，而是最基本的單句寫作能力。
文章無(wú)論長(zhǎng)短，都是由句子組成的，句子是表達(dá)思想的最基本的單位。因此，句子是否能寫得正確、達(dá)意和清楚，將直接影響整篇文章的寫作質(zhì)量。大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四、六級(jí)考試和研究生入學(xué)英語(yǔ)考試的實(shí)踐都表明，考生寫作成績(jī)長(zhǎng)期得不到明顯提高的主要原因是欠缺寫好單句的能力。為改變這種狀況，我們將從剖析考生作文中的典型病句入手，對(duì)寫作測(cè)試中的基本句子結(jié)構(gòu)和寫法進(jìn)行評(píng)議和分析，來(lái)幫助考生進(jìn)一步提高句子寫作能力。
一、＂there be＂結(jié)構(gòu)
考生病句：
1. there are many people like to go to the movies.
2. there are different kinds of vegetables can be bought on the market by people.
正確表達(dá)：
1. there are many people who like to go to the movies.
2. there are different kinds of vegetables that people can buy on the market.
這兩個(gè)例句的錯(cuò)誤比較有普遍性，因?yàn)樵跉v次考試中有不少考生不能正確運(yùn)用there be這一最常用的句式。在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中，there是引導(dǎo)詞，沒(méi)有實(shí)際意義。be在句中作謂語(yǔ)，有時(shí)態(tài)和數(shù)的變化。例如：
1. there was no school in the village at that time. (=there was not a school...)
注意：在否定句中，否定詞用no，也可用not a或not any。not a后接單數(shù)名詞，not many后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞，no后面的名詞單復(fù)數(shù)都可以。
2. there is not a moment to be lost.
3. there are many people rushing into the cities every year.
4. there are many things we can do to prevent traffic accidents.
5. there is no use holding back the wheel of history.
從以上例句還可看出，句中的主語(yǔ)后面可接多種修飾語(yǔ)，如介詞短語(yǔ)、不定式短語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)從句、分詞短語(yǔ)等等。這無(wú)疑使該結(jié)構(gòu)增加了表現(xiàn)力，使句子表達(dá)內(nèi)容更加豐富。在運(yùn)用這一結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，考生最容易犯的錯(cuò)誤是在there be之后又用了一個(gè)動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ)，使句子結(jié)構(gòu)出現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤。這里列舉的考生的典型錯(cuò)誤均屬這種情況，對(duì)此我們?cè)趯懽髦幸裢庾⒁狻?/p>
二、比較結(jié)構(gòu)
考生病句：
1. comparing with the bike, the car runs much faster.
2. the climate in walton is colder than other cities.
正確表達(dá)：
1. compared with the bike, the car runs much faster.
2. the climate in walton is colder than that of other cities.
評(píng)議與分析：許多考生在作文中用compare或than表示比較，但相當(dāng)多的表達(dá)有誤。
在例1中，對(duì)兩個(gè)事物進(jìn)行比較的句式為compared with a, b...,只能用compare的過(guò)去分詞，不能用現(xiàn)在分詞，因?yàn)閎是分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)，只能被比較。
在例2中，考生誤將"天氣"與"城市"進(jìn)行比較，而二者沒(méi)有可比性，只有將后者改為"其他城市的天氣"才符合邏輯，很顯然，考生的錯(cuò)誤是受了漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)習(xí)慣的.影響。
比較結(jié)構(gòu)是常用結(jié)構(gòu)，正確地使用這一結(jié)構(gòu)可以使文章的句式增加變化，有利于提高寫作成績(jī)。一般說(shuō)來(lái)，考生若能恰當(dāng)、正確地運(yùn)用這一結(jié)構(gòu)，其寫作成績(jī)應(yīng)在5分以上。
下面是比較結(jié)構(gòu)的一些常用的表達(dá)方法。
1．同級(jí)比較
1）in 1998 we produced as many cars as we did in the previous five years.
2）we have accomplished as much in the past three years as would have taken ten years in the past.
2．比較級(jí)
1）children now enjoy better medical treatment than before.
2）we can live longer without food than we can (live )without water.
3．最高級(jí)
1）this is the most interesting book i＇ve ever read.
2）of all his novels i like this one best.
4．the more…the more…結(jié)構(gòu)
1) the harder you work, the greater progress you will make.
2) the more a man knows, the more he discovers his ignorance.
5．選擇比較
1) i prefer staying at home to going out.
2) they prefer to work rather than (to) sit idly.
3) he prefers to work alone.
注意：這里的
1）句用的是prefer a to b結(jié)構(gòu)，to為介詞，后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞；
2）句是以不定式作prefer的賓語(yǔ)；
3）句用法同2），只是不把rather than部分表達(dá)出來(lái)。
6．對(duì)比
1) motion is absolute while stagnation is relative.
2) he is tired out, whereas she is full of vigor.
注意：while和whereas均可用于連接兩個(gè)意義對(duì)立的分句，相當(dāng)于漢語(yǔ)的"而"字。許多考生能較好地運(yùn)用這一句式，尤其在圖表作文中。
三、表達(dá)原因的結(jié)構(gòu)
考生病句：
1. the real reason to our failure is not far to seek.
2. the reason for this is because some people want to earn plenty of money without working hard.
正確表達(dá)：
1. the real reason for our failure is not far to seek.
2. the reason for this is that some people want to earn plenty of money without working hard.
評(píng)議與分析：
從遣詞造句上看，這兩位考生具有一定的寫作能力，not far to seek, plenty of money以及without working hard等均運(yùn)用正確、恰當(dāng)。但令人遺憾的是，第一位考生不知道reason不與to搭配而應(yīng)接介詞for，第二位考生犯了一個(gè)中國(guó)學(xué)生常犯的錯(cuò)誤，就是用because引起表語(yǔ)從句，because這個(gè)詞不能引起表語(yǔ)從句，在本句中只能改用that才正確。掌握好表達(dá)原因的結(jié)構(gòu)是十分重要的，幾乎所有的寫作試題都要求寫原因或可以寫原因。在大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四、六級(jí)考試、研究生入學(xué)英語(yǔ)考試以及toefl考試中，寫作的文體基本上是議論文，而議論文的基本模式是擺事實(shí)、講道理，講道理就是說(shuō)明原因。寫作測(cè)試的文體決定了表達(dá)原因結(jié)構(gòu)的重要性。
英語(yǔ)中用來(lái)表達(dá)原因這一概念的結(jié)構(gòu)有多種。我們可用as , because, since, seeing that, considering that, now that, not that...等詞組引出表示原因的從句。例如：
1. now that we have seen these great achievements with our own eyes, we feel more proud than ever of our country.
2. professor liu is strict with us because he wants us to make rapid progress.
3. since we live near the sea, we enjoy a healthy climate.
4. pollution is still a serious problem, not that we don＇t have the ability to solve it, but that some people have not realized the consequences of the problem.
我們還可以借助某些詞語(yǔ)用簡(jiǎn)單句表達(dá)原因結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：
1. the reason for this change is quite obvious.
2. diligence is the key factor of success.
3. idleness is the root of all evils.
4. he was ashamed to have made the mistake.
(=he was ashamed that he had made the mistake.
=he was ashamed because he had made the mistake.)
除了上述的例句外，英語(yǔ)中還有很多或易或難的表達(dá)原因的結(jié)構(gòu)。我們?cè)谶M(jìn)行寫作訓(xùn)練的時(shí)候，不能滿足于一知半解，要講究書面語(yǔ)言的正確性和準(zhǔn)確性。比如，because是最常用的引導(dǎo)原因從句的連詞，語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)，表示直接的原因，若because置于句首，后面的主句不能再用so。用as引導(dǎo)的原因從句語(yǔ)氣較弱，所說(shuō)明的原因是附帶的，而since表示的原因暗示著是稍加分析之后才能推斷出來(lái)的原因。
四、否定結(jié)構(gòu)
考生病句
1. some people think we needn＇t to worry about fresh water.
2. nowadays many people don＇t like to go to the movies, too.
正確表達(dá)：
1. some people think we needn＇t worry (或don＇t need to worry) about fresh water.
2. nowadays many people don＇t like to go to the movies, either.
評(píng)議與分析：
例句1的錯(cuò)誤在于該考生混淆了need作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和作為普通動(dòng)詞的用法。need作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，主要用于否定句，后面的動(dòng)詞不帶to, needn＇t worry，作we的謂語(yǔ)。need作為實(shí)意動(dòng)詞時(shí)，可用于肯定句、否定句和疑問(wèn)句，don＇t need to worry中的to worry作don＇t need的賓語(yǔ)。
例句2的錯(cuò)誤在于該考生混淆了too和either的區(qū)別，這兩個(gè)詞都表示"也"的意思，但是在英語(yǔ)中too, also只能用于肯定句，而either只能用于否定句。
否定結(jié)構(gòu)除了在助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，be和have后面加not之外，還有許多不含not的否定結(jié)構(gòu)。
i.含有否定意義的詞匯和短語(yǔ)以下列舉的詞和詞組本身就具有否定的含義，因此無(wú)需用否定詞。介詞against, beyond, but, except, without,...形容詞和動(dòng)詞absent, deny, differ, different, fail, free, ignore, miss, refuse, the last, used to, reluctant, lack, want,...短語(yǔ)keep...from, protect...from, prevent...from, let alone, at a loss, in vain, instead of, out of the question, rather than, too...to, by no means, anything but,...例句：
1）women fail to get the equal rights in some countries.
在一些國(guó)家里婦女沒(méi)有得到平等的權(quán)利。
2）this is by no means the best way to solve the problem of energy crisis.
這不是解決能源危機(jī)的最好的辦法。
3）we should protect trees from being destroyed.
我們應(yīng)保護(hù)樹木，不讓它們受破壞。
4）in old china we could not make a nail, let alone(make) machines.
在舊中國(guó)，我們連一個(gè)釘子都造不了，更不用說(shuō)制造機(jī)器了。
ii.含有半否定意義的詞語(yǔ)barely, hardly, few, little, rarely, scarcely, seldom, not all, not everyone, not everything,...具有半否定的意義。例句：
1）we could hardly see any fresh vegetables in winter on market several years ago.
幾年前在冬天市場(chǎng)上很難見(jiàn)到新鮮蔬菜。
2）these young people know little about how to choose good books to read.
這些年輕人幾乎不知道如何挑選優(yōu)秀的書籍來(lái)讀。
iii.不含否定意義的否定結(jié)構(gòu)有些詞和詞組形式上是否定結(jié)構(gòu)，但其含義是肯定的，比如：cannot but, can＇t help, no sooner...than, not...until, in no time, none other than, nothing but,等等。例句：
1）we can＇t but face the reality.我們只有面對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)。
2）these old buildings will be replaced by modern apartment buildings in no time.
這些舊建筑將很快為現(xiàn)代化的公寓所代替。
in.否定結(jié)構(gòu)的倒裝語(yǔ)序.我們有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)而把否定詞和詞組放在句首，這時(shí)句子結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)倒裝。例如：
1）on no account should we follow blindly.我們決不應(yīng)當(dāng)盲從。
2）no where has the world ever seen such great enthusiasm for learning as in our country.沒(méi)有任何其他地方有我國(guó)這樣高的學(xué)習(xí)熱情。
五、含有it的結(jié)構(gòu)
考生病句：
1. as is known to all of us that science and technology play an important role in the development of society.
2. it is known to us, practice makes perfect.
正確表達(dá)：
1. it is known to all of us that science and technology play an important role in the development of society. (或:as is known to all of us, science...)
2. it is known to us that practice makes perfect. (或:as is known to us, practice...)
評(píng)議與分析：
很顯然，兩個(gè)考生混淆了it和as的用法。如果用it作形式主語(yǔ)，后面的主語(yǔ)從句必須由that引起；如果用as，則后面不能用that，因?yàn)閍s是關(guān)系代詞，代表practice makes perfect。it在英語(yǔ)中是個(gè)相當(dāng)活躍的代詞，在寫作中我們常要使用它。以下幾種用法應(yīng)熟練掌握，并能靈活運(yùn)用。
1．作形式主語(yǔ)
it is necessary for us to master a foreign language skillfully. it makes difference whether we could purify the air or not.
2.作形式賓語(yǔ)
we find it rather difficult to prevent people from doing that. modern science has made it possible for babies to grow healthily and for people to live longer.
3.引導(dǎo)強(qiáng)調(diào)句
it is only by this way that we can achieve success. it was then that people began to realize the importance of controlling population.
從語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)看，上述的句子都不難，或者可以說(shuō)是考生相當(dāng)熟悉的。然而在寫作考試中，多數(shù)考生缺乏運(yùn)用自己已掌握的句式的意識(shí)，而以自己頭腦中拼湊的中式英語(yǔ)取而代之。其實(shí)，只要能恰當(dāng)?shù)剡\(yùn)用上述的任何一個(gè)句式，考生的作文就會(huì)出現(xiàn)閃光點(diǎn)，就會(huì)取得比較好的成績(jī)。
英語(yǔ)寫作常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤與分析
下面我們對(duì)一些在英語(yǔ)寫作中典型的病句實(shí)例逐一加以剖析．
一．不一致（disagreements）
所謂不一致不光指主謂不一致，它還包括了數(shù)的不一致,時(shí)態(tài)不一致及代詞不一致等．
病句：when one have money, he can do what he want to.
剖析：one是單數(shù)第三人稱，因而本句的have應(yīng)改為has ;同理，want應(yīng)改為wants.本句是典型的主謂不一致．
改為：once one has money, he can do what he wants (to do)
二．修飾語(yǔ)錯(cuò)位（misplaced modifiers）
英語(yǔ)與漢語(yǔ)不同，同一個(gè)修飾語(yǔ)置于句子不同的位置，句子的含義可能引起變化．對(duì)于這一點(diǎn)中國(guó)學(xué)生往往沒(méi)有引起足夠的重視，因而造成了不必要的誤解．
病句：i believe i can do it well and i will better know the world outside the campus.
剖析：better位置不當(dāng)，應(yīng)置于句末．
三．句子不完整（sentence fragments）
在口語(yǔ)中，交際雙方可借助手勢(shì)語(yǔ)氣上下文等，不完整的句子完全可以被理解．可是書面語(yǔ)就不同了，句子結(jié)構(gòu)不完整會(huì)令意思表達(dá)不清，這種情況常常發(fā)生在主句寫完以后，筆者又想加些補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明時(shí)發(fā)生．
病句：there are many ways to know the society. for example by tv ,radio ,newspaper and so on .
剖析：本句后半部分＂for example by tv ,radio ,newspaper and so on .”不是一個(gè)完整的句子，僅為一些不連貫的詞語(yǔ)，不能獨(dú)立成句．
改為：there are many ways to know society ,for example ,by tv ,radio ,and newspaper.
四．懸垂修飾語(yǔ)（dangling modifiers）
所謂懸垂修飾語(yǔ)是指句首的短語(yǔ)與后面句子的邏輯關(guān)系混亂不清．
病句：at the age of ten, my grandfather died.
這句中＂at the age of ten＂只點(diǎn)出十歲時(shí)，但沒(méi)有說(shuō)明”誰(shuí)”十歲時(shí)．按一般推理不可能是my grandfather,如果我們把這個(gè)懸垂修飾語(yǔ)改明確一點(diǎn)，全句就不那么費(fèi)解了．
改為：when i was ten, my grandfather died.
病句:to do well in college, good grades are essential.
剖析：句中不定式短語(yǔ)“to do well in college”的邏輯主語(yǔ)不清楚．
改為：to do well in college, a student needs good grades.
五．詞性誤用(misuse of parts of speech)
“詞性誤用”常表現(xiàn)為：介詞當(dāng)動(dòng)詞用；形容詞當(dāng)副詞用；名詞當(dāng)動(dòng)詞用等．
病句：none can negative the importance of money.
剖析：negative系形容詞，誤作動(dòng)詞。
改為：none can deny the importance of money.
六．指代不清(ambiguous reference of pronouns)
指代不清主要講的是代詞與被指代的人或物關(guān)系不清，或者先后所用的代詞不一致。 mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted her to be her bridesmaid.
(瑪麗和我姐姐很要好，因?yàn)樗鏊陌槟铩?
讀完上面這一句話，讀者無(wú)法明確地判斷兩位姑娘中誰(shuí)將結(jié)婚，誰(shuí)將當(dāng)伴娘。如果我們把易于引起誤解的代詞的所指對(duì)象加以明確，意思就一目了然了。這個(gè)句子可改為：
mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted my sister to be her bridesmaid.
and we can also know the society by serving it yourself.
剖析：句中人稱代詞we和反身代詞yourself指代不一致。
改為：we can also know society by serving it ourselves.
七．不間斷句子(run-on sentences)
什么叫run-on sentence?請(qǐng)看下面的例句。
病句: there are many ways we get to know the outside world.
剖析：這個(gè)句子包含了兩層完整的意思：“there are many ways.”以及“we get to know the outside world.”。簡(jiǎn)單地把它們連在一起就不妥當(dāng)了。
改為：there are many ways for us to learn about the outside world.或：
there are many ways through which we can become acquainted with the outside world
八．措詞毛病(troubles in diction)
diction是指在特定的句子中如何適當(dāng)?shù)剡x用詞語(yǔ)的問(wèn)題，囿于教學(xué)時(shí)間緊迫，教師平時(shí)在這方面花的時(shí)間往往極其有限，影響了學(xué)生在寫作中沒(méi)有養(yǎng)成良好的推敲，斟酌的習(xí)慣。他們往往隨心所欲，拿來(lái)就用。所以作文中用詞不當(dāng)?shù)腻e(cuò)誤比比皆是。
病句：the increasing use of chemical obstacles in agriculture also makespollution.(農(nóng)業(yè)方面化學(xué)物質(zhì)使用的不斷增加也造成了污染。)
剖析：顯然，考生把obstacles“障礙”，“障礙物”誤作substance“物質(zhì)”了。另外“the increasing use (不斷增加的使用)”應(yīng)改為“abusive use (濫用)”。
改為：the abusive use of chemical substances in agriculture also causes/leadsto pollution.
九．累贅(redundancy)
言以簡(jiǎn)潔為貴。寫句子沒(méi)有一個(gè)多余的詞；寫段落沒(méi)有一個(gè)無(wú)必要的句子。能用單詞的不用詞組；能用詞組的不用從句或句子。
病句：in spite of the fact that he is lazy, i like him.
本句的“the fact that he is lazy”系同謂語(yǔ)從句，我們按照上述“能用詞組的不用從句”可以改為：in spite ofhis laziness, i like him.
病句：for the people who are diligent and kind, money is just the thingto be used to buy the thing they need.
剖析：整個(gè)句子可以大大簡(jiǎn)化。
改為：diligent, caring people use money only to buy what they need.
十．不連貫(incoherence)
不連貫是指一個(gè)句子前言不對(duì)后語(yǔ)，或是結(jié)構(gòu)上不暢通。這也是考生常犯的毛病。
病句：the fresh water, it is the most important things of the earth.
剖析：the fresh water與逗號(hào)后的it不連貫。it與things在數(shù)方面不一致。
改為：fresh water is the most important thing in the world.
大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)作文13
What is hot for 20xxin our colleges? It is the spelling mistakes. Countless students lack due attention to spelling. Taking a look around, we can find examples too numerous to list, the one may be “challenge”. Freshman and sophomore almost write this word as “challenge”. How careless they are!
Why such a phenomenon sweeps every university? Some experts attribute it to students’ inattention, because students always pay no attention to spelling. However, other experts argue, the teachers should be blamed for this situation. In my opinion, it is far beyond any reasonable doubt that both of them should exert themselves to change the spelling mistakes.
The spreading of the spelling mistakes has extremely negative effects on the education. For one thing, the special age that none of students can spell correctly will come soon. For another, while communicating with foreigners, we will be laughed at the spelling mistakes made by ourselves. As a result, due attention should be given to spelling immediately.
大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)作文14
1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the chart below, which shows the variation in carbon emission from three different fossil fuels from 20xx to 20xx. You should first summarize the changing trend of the consumption of the three different fossil fuels and then give some reasons about it. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
【范文】From the chart above we see that the carbon emission from coal decreases sharply, from 40 million tons in 20xx to less than 3 million tons in 20xx. In 20xx, the carbon emission from oil hit 40 million tons but will reduce to 20 million tons in 20xx. Besides, the carbon emission from natural gas increases, from 5 million tons in 20xx to 18 million tons in 20xx.Many reasons account for the variation in carbon emission. Firstly, people might cut the amount of coal they use and increase the use of natural gas since natural gas is a “cleaner” fuel than coal or oil. Secondly, because of the undertaking of energy-saving project, efforts have been made to raise the efficiency of energy utilization. What’s more, since the earth is getting warmer, large attention has been paid to the importance of environmental protection.
2.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic How to Spend Money Wisely with Credit Card based on the picture below. You can cite examples to illustrate your point. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
【范文】Credit card offers a convenient way to buy goods but every coin has two sides. From the cartoon above we see that credit card can lead to unmanageable debt and financial crisis if used unwisely. So people should keep in mind the risk of using credit card and try to spend money wisely.First, before applying a credit card, people should make sure whether they can afford to pay back money spent on the card. Second, it is very important to work out what kind of card meets their needs. Third, people should try to pay their balance in full every month, or they will be charged interest and have negative effects on their credit scores. Finally, since some cards have high interest rates and fees when failing to pay back, it is necessary to work out the cost before using the cards.
3.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Getting to Know the World Outside Campus. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words following the outline given below:
1.大學(xué)生了解社會(huì)的必要性;
2.了解社會(huì)的途徑(大眾媒介，社會(huì)服務(wù)等);
3.你打算怎么做?
【范文】In an age of overflowing information, college students need to rapidly process what's coming at them and know how to manage and act on it. They should keep in touch with the world outside campus and adjust themselves to the real society in shortest time.College students can get to know the world outside campus through a variety of ways. They can keep themselves informed by watching TV, listening to radio broadcasts, reading newspapers etc. Even they can take up a part-time job in spare time.Truthfully, everyone needs to enter into society when they reach a certain age. As for me, I plan to find a part-time job in a training center because I decide to be an English teacher after graduation. I know only in practice can I learn more useful teaching skills.
大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)作文15
借助說(shuō)明文的構(gòu)思方法，看看下列題目該如何寫：
（1）The Layout of a Hospital
Direction: You are asked to write a composition about “The Layout Of a Hospital”. Locate some important departments in the hospital based on the picture and information given below. Your compositions should be no less than 100 words.
1）the Emergency Department
2）the Out-patient Department
3）the Surgery Department
4）Dispensary/Pharmacy
5）Physician Department
6）the Eye, Ear, and Throat Department
7）the Dental Department
8）the Laboratory
9）the X-ray Department
10）the Administrative Building
11）the Ward
參考范文
Near the gate, on the west side of the road is the Emergency Department. Opposite the Emergency Department across the Main Road is the Out-patient Department. The building to the southwest of the lake is the Dispensary, which faces the Surgery Department lying on the other side of the road. Along the west wall, from south to north, stand three buildings: the Physician Department, the Eye, Ear, and Throat Department, and the Dental Department. The Laboratory is to the northwest of the round about, and beside the Laboratory, the X-ray Department is located on the same side of the road.
A winding road by the lake leads to the Ward. Near the end of the main road, the Administrative Building is situated on the east side. The hospital is nicely and conveniently laid out.
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